Table 2.

Summary of Findings

Ref	Type of Nursing Delivery	Model	Input	Process	Output	Results
[17]	HomMed Telemonitoring (vital sign and symptom monitoring)	LifeStream software	Patients are asked to check vital signs and fill in psychological assessment data as well as closed questions (yes/no).	The telemonitor passes on to the Honeywell LifeStream software which will be received and accessed in the nurse’s office. The nurse reviews the vital signs after 3 hours after the data is successfully transmitted, then calls the patient to discuss the data sent	Nurse-coaching, self-management, dan call to their clinician	One of every five patients receiving usual care and three of every five patients being monitored completed the entire study. Telemonitored data transmission was feasible and well-received in rural areas; symptom and physiologic data were inconsistent but typical lung cancer.
[16]	A mobile phone-based advanced symptom management system (ASyMS©) (monitor and manage chemotherapy-related toxicity)	A mobile phone-based advanced symptom management system	Patients were asked to complete an electronic symptom questionnaire on their mobile phone and take their temperature with an electronic thermometer and enter it into the mobile phone.	This symptom data was immediately transmitted in ‘real time’ to the study server via a secure General Packet Radio Services connection. A dedicated 24-hour pager system was employed to notify health professional based at the clinical site of any incoming symptom reports of concern, with two degrees of alert. An ‘amber alert’ was used to notify clinicians of patients who were suffering toxicities at home that were not severe or life-threatening, but where early care could be useful in preventing further progression of the symptoms reported. A ‘red alert’ was utilized to notify physicians of patients who were pyrexial and/or having severe or life-threatening toxicities at home, and they were instructed to contact patients as quickly as possible.	Based on the severity of the patient’s symptoms, self-care advice is provided, and nurses conduct appropriate interventions.	Patients were hugely positive about using the ASyMS handset to record their symptoms, with 91% believing that it had aided in managing their symptoms.
[15]	A mobile phone-based advanced symptom management system (ASyMS©) (monitor and manage chemotherapy-related toxicity)	A mobile phone-based advanced symptom management system	Patients were asked to complete an electronic symptom questionnaire on their mobile phone and take their temperature with an electronic thermometer and enter it into the mobile phone.	This symptom data was immediately transmitted in ‘real time’ to the study server via a secure General Packet Radio Services connection. A dedicated 24-hour pager system was employed to notify health professional based at the clinical site of any incoming symptom reports of concern, with two degrees of alert. An ‘amber alert’ was used to notify clinicians of patients who were suffering toxicities at home that were not severe or life-threatening, but where early care could be useful in preventing further progression of the symptoms reported. A’red alert’ was utilized to notify physicians of patients who were pyrexial and/or having severe or life-threatening toxicities at home, and they were instructed	Based on the severity of the patient’s symptoms, self-care advice is provided, and nurses conduct appropriate interventions.	Overall, nurses viewed the use of ASyMS in the management of chemotherapy-related toxicity in lung cancer patients favourably.
[11]	Honeywell HomeMed GenesisTM DM (symptoms monitoring)	LifeStream software	Each morning, patients were scheduled to send telemonitored physiologic parameters and symptoms data to the office. Furthermore, individuals were allowed to utilize the device whenever they felt the need for immediate measurement.	Nurses check the information received daily through the LifeStreamTM and called patients to interpret the results as needed, utilizing a questioning/coaching strategy.	Nurses described changes in physiological signs and symptoms and advised patients on how to problem solve and when to call their oncologist specialists, based on motivational interview training.	The telemonitored group improved more in terms of both functional status (Wald X2 = 3.78, p = 0.05) and quality of life (QOL) (Wald X2 = 7.25, p = 0.007).
[13]	Not explained the type of delivery	N/I about model	N/I about input	N/I about process	Counselling, 2 call a week	Telenursing improved the quality of life in all aspects (p< 0.001).
[12]	Telenursing on the need for supportive care (SCN) (providing supportive care and education)	Telephone calls	Nurses two telephone calls per week of 15 to 30 min	Telephone calls to patients	Information about cancer and treatment options, as well as side effects of chemotherapy and how to manage them (including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, mucositis, and fatigue), as well as self-care in cancer in the areas of nutrition, physical activity, and sleeping.	The results showed that the intervention group’s mean score of dimensions and total SCNs, or supportive care needs, were significantly lower than the control group after the intervention (p0.05).
[14]	Telephone-based symptom management (TSM) (management symptoms and emotions)	Telephone calls	Patients were taught symptom management techniques. Symptom management strategies such as relaxation exercises, problem-solving, cognitive restructuring, emotion-focused/self-soothing approaches, communication skills, pleasant activity scheduling, and activity pacing were taught to the patient and caregiver during the four sessions	TSM was conducted through a speakerphone, and all sessions were audio-recorded. Each participant received the same handouts outlining the major points discussed during the sessions and home practice assignments and a CD with relaxation exercise instructions	An instruction in symptom management strategies	At two and six weeks post-intervention, no significant differences were found for all patient outcomes and caregiver self-efficacy for assisting the patient in managing symptoms and caregiving burden. TSM had a negligible effect on caregiver self-efficacy for managing their own emotions and perceived social constraints from the patient.
[10]	Information and Communication (ICT) (rehabilitation/ post-surgery care)	The application developed consists of 1) self-monitoring of symptoms and physical activity using on-body sensors and a smartphone, and 2) a web-based physical exercise program.	N/A	N/A	N/A	Seventy-one percent of patients and 78% of health-care professionals said they would use the app as part of their lung cancer treatment. Patients considered the health-care professionals’ positive attitude toward the application to be critical. Overall, usability was rated acceptable (SUS median score = 70, range 35–95).