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. 2021 Oct 31;2021:2704755. doi: 10.1155/2021/2704755

Table 2.

Demographic and clinical profiles of patients with PD with and without pareidolia.

Group Pareidolia (+) Pareidolia (−) P value
Total no. 19 21
Sex (male/female)a 11/8 12/9 0.962
Age at the pareidolia test, y, median (range)b 71 (47–79) 69 (50–82) 0.915
Disease duration, y, median (range)b 8.1 (0.8–16.8) 6.0 (0.6–26.3) 0.748
ACE-III total score, median (range)b 91 (63–99) 91 (76–100) 0.688
 Attention/orientation, median (range)b 18 (11–18) 17 (14–18) 0.649
 Memory, median (range)b 23 (13–25) 23 (9–26) 0.436
 Fluency (mean ± SD)c 9.6 ± 2.4 9.9 ± 2.0 0.641
 Language, median (range)b 26 (20–26) 26 (21–26) 0.520
 Visuospatial, median (range)b 15 (8–16) 15 (9–16) 0.520
FAB, median (mean ± SD)d 14.4 ± 2.8 15.0 ± 1.8 0.448
Pareidolia test
 Pareidolia, median (range)b 3 (1–17) 0 <0.001
 Missed, median (range)b 0 (0-1) 0 (0-1) 0.236
STAI
 State anxiety (mean ± SD)c 48.4 ± 10.5 42.5 ± 7.3 0.044
 Trait anxiety (mean ± SD)c 48.8 ± 10.9 42.1 ± 9.5 0.044
Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, median (range)b 5 (1–36) 4 (0–9) 0.093
MFES (mean ± SD)c 92.5 ± 38.3 107.8 ± 28.7 0.159
Freezing of gait (mean ± SD)c 10.5 ± 6.9 8.8 ± 5.8 0.398
RBDSQ-J, median (range)b 4 (1–11) 5 (0–10) 0.486
Hoehn and Yahr scale, median (range)b 3 (1–4) 3 (1–4) 0.789

PD: Parkinson's disease; ACE-III: Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination; SD: standard deviation; FAB: Frontal Assessment Battery; STAI: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; MFES: Modified Falls Efficacy Scale; RBDSQ: Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire. aχ2 test. bMann–Whitney U test. cStudent's t-test. dWelch's test. Values in bold are statistically significant at p < 0.05.