Table 1.
The characteristics of included studies.
| Study ID | First author | Publication date | Type of study | Publication quality (method: score/total points) | Country/region | Institute | Instrument | Measurement method | Research period | Patients (NIRAF/control) | Disease | Surgical method | Golden standard | Follow-up time | Outcome of interest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Falco | 2017 | Before–after | Minors: 18/24 | Argentina | University of Buenos Aires | Fluobeam (Fluoptics, Grenoble, France) | 20 cm | 2015.10–2016.2 | 74/74 | T, pHPT | Tx, pPTx | Experience, pathology reports | 1d | IPG |
| 2 | Benmiloud | 2018 | Historical controlled study | NOS: 9/9 | France | Hôpital Européen Marseille | Fluobeam (Fluoptics, Grenoble, France) | 15–20 cm | 2015.1–2016.9 | 93/153 | T | TT | Experience | 6m | IPG, IRPG, PGA, hypocalcemia (<8.0 mg/dL) |
| 3 | DiMarco | 2019 | PC | NOS: 7/9 | UK | Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College | Fluobeam (Fluoptics, Grenoble, France) | 20 cm | 2016.1–2017.10 | 106/163 | T | Tx | Experience, Pathology reports | 6m | IRPG, hypocalcemia (<2 mmol/l) |
| 4 | Dip | 2019 | RCT | CASP RCT Checklist | Argentina | Instituto Argentino de Diagnosticoy Tratamiento | Fluobeam (Fluoptics, Grenoble, France) | 20cm | 2017.1–2017.8 | 85/85 | T | TTx | Experience, Pathology reports | 1d | IPG, hypocalcemia (<8.0 mg/dl) |
| 5 | Benmiloud | 2020 | RCT | CASP RCT Checklist | France | Hôpital Européen Marseille, Groupement Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié Salpêtrière, Hôpital Saint-Joseph | Fluobeam (Fluoptics, Grenoble, France) | 20 cm | 2016.9–2018.10 | 121/120 | T | TTx | Experience, Pathology reports | 6m | IPG, IRPG, PGA, hypocalcemia (<8.0 mg/dl) |
| 6 | Kim | 2020 | Prospective matched case–control | NOS: 8/9 | American | Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio | Fluobeam (Fluoptics, Grenoble, France) | 20 cm | 2012.12–2019.10 | 100/200 | T | TTx | Experience, pathology reports | 6m | IPG, IRPG, PGA, hypocalcemia (<8.0 mg/dl) |
| 7 | Papavramidis | 2021 | RCT | CASP RCT Checklist | Greece | AHEPA University Hospital; Interbalkan Medical Center | Fluobeam LX (Fluoptics, Grenoble, France) | 20 cm | 2019.12–2020.3 | 90/90 | T | TTx | Experience, pathology reports | 1d | IRPG, hypocalcemia (<8.0 mg/dl) |
Before–after, before–after study in the same patient; PC, prospective cohort study; RCT, randomized controlled trial; MINORS, methodological index for non-randomized studies; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa Scale; CASP, critical appraisal skills program; T thyroid disease, pHPT primary hyperparathyroidism; Tx thyroidectomy (hemi- or total); TTx, total thyroidectomy; PTx, parathyroidectomy; IPG, identified parathyroid gland; IRPG, inadvertently resected parathyroid gland; PGA, parathyroid gland autotransplantation.