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. 2021 Oct 25;8:768119. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.768119

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Copyright © 2021 Khafagy and Dash.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Proposed mechanisms linking obesity, inflammation and cardiovascular disease. When adipose storage capacity is exceeded, increased lipid flux, and ectopic lipid in liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreas reduce insulin sensitivity and beta cell function. Compromised adipose storage is also associated with adipose and systemic inflammation, which can potentially potentiate atheroma development. Increased TRL and FFA, which are features of insulin resistance, may also increase inflammation and atheroma development. FFA, free fatty acids; IR, insulin resistance; TRL, triglyceride rich lipoproteins.