Table 6.
Characteristics of 19 AAV patients with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.
| Characteristics |
Total (n = 19) |
Survivors (n = 7) |
Non-survivors (n = 12) |
P -value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years, mean ± SD) | 63 ± 13 | 61 ± 13 | 64 ± 14 | 0.702 |
| Female gender (n, %) | 11 (57.9) | 3 (42.9) | 8 (66.7) | 0.377 |
| Classification of AAV ( n , %) | 0.305 | |||
| MPA | 14 (73.7) | 4 (57.1) | 10 (83.3) | |
| GPA | 5 (26.3) | 3 (42.9) | 2 (16.7) | |
| EGPA | 0 (0) | - | - | |
| Autoantibodies ( n , %) | 0.305 | |||
| c/PR3-ANCA | 5 (26.3) | 3 (42.9) | 2 (16.7) | |
| p/MPO-ANCA | 14 (73.7) | 4 (57.1) | 10 (83.3) | |
| Newly diagnosed as AAV ( n , %) | 15 (78.9) | 5 (71.4) | 10 (83.3) | 0.603 |
| Length of stay in ICU (day), M (Q1-Q3) | 6 (2–11) | 6 (2–11) | 6 (2-8) | 0.670 |
| Clinical manifestations ( n , %) | ||||
| Hemoptysis | 9 (47.4) | 4 (57.1) | 5 (41.7) | 0.650 |
| Cough | 10 (52.6) | 3 (42.9) | 7 (58.3) | 0.650 |
| Respiratory failure | 14 (73.7) | 3 (42.9) | 11 (91.7) | 0.038 |
| Renal insufficiency | 14 (73.7) | 4 (57.1) | 10 (83.3) | 0.305 |
| Heart failure | 15 (78.9) | 5 (71.4) | 10 (83.3) | 0.603 |
| Shock | 6 (31.6) | 0 (0) | 6 (50.0) | 0.044 |
| Anemia | 18 (94.7) | 6 (85.7) | 12 (100) | 0.368 |
| Infection | 18 (94.7) | 6 (85.7) | 12 (100) | 0.368 |
| Disease and severity assessment scores | ||||
| APACHE II, M (Q1–Q3) | 15 (11–18) | 10 (9–14) | 16 (14-26) | 0.008 |
| BVAS, M (Q1–Q3) | 24 (21-30) | 20 (15-26) | 25 (23-32) | 0.127 |
| In-ICU management | ||||
| Mechanical ventilation | 11 (57.9) | 2 (28.6) | 9 (75.0) | 0.074 |
| Endotracheal intubation | 7 (36.8) | 1 (14.3) | 6 (50.0) | 0.173 |
| Plasma exchange | 4 (21.1) | 2 (28.6) | 2 (16.7) | 0.603 |
| Hemodialysis | 8 (42.1) | 3 (42.9) | 5 (41.7) | 1.000 |
| Catecholamines | 7 (36.8) | 0 (0) | 7 (58.3) | 0.017 |
| Glucocorticoids | 14 (73.7) | 6 (85.7) | 8 (66.7) | 0.603 |
| Pulsed methylprednisolone | 6 (31.6) | 2 (28.6) | 4 (33.3) | 1.000 |
| Cyclophosphamide | 0 (0) | - | - | - |
| IVIG | 6 (31.6) | 4 (47.1) | 2 (16.7) | 0.129 |
Values highlighted in bold represent statistically significant P values (P < 0.05).
AAV, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis; ICU, intensive care unit; MPA, microscopic polyangiitis; GPA, granulomatosis with polyangiitis; EGPA, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; c/PR3-ANCA, cytoplasmic or proteinase-3 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; p/MPO-ANCA: perinuclear or myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; BVAS, Birmingham vasculitis active scoring system, IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin.