FIGURE 2.

Silencing of Gβ in tomato induces constitutive activation of defense responses. These experiments were performed using 2‐week‐old wild‐type (WT) and homozygous slgb1_d13d13 seedlings grown on MS medium. The homozygous slgb1_d13d13 is abbreviated as slgb1 in the figure. (a) Transcript levels of pathogenesis‐related (SlPR) genes in WT and slgb1_d13d13 seedlings were quantified by qRT‐PCR. Gene expression was normalized to the tomato Ubiquitin 3 (SlUB3). (b) DAB staining for H₂O₂ accumulation in WT and slgb1_d13d13 seedlings. (c) Endogenous H₂O₂ and (d) salicylic acid (SA) levels in WT and slgb1_d13d13 seedlings. For (a), (c), and (d), bars represent means ± SEM, n = (a) 4, (c) 5, and (d) 7. Asterisks indicates significant difference evaluated by Student's t‐test, *P < .05, **P < .01, ^*** P < .001. (e) Trypan blue staining for the detection of cell death in WT and slgb1_d13d13 seedlings. For (b) and (e), bars = 1 cm. (f) ROS production induced by 30 nM flg22 on half‐cotyledons of WT and slgb1_d13d13 seedlings. Bars represent means ± SEM, n = 12. The experiment was repeated three times with similar results