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. 2021 Nov 8;19(11):e06882. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6882

Table 25.

Outcome table on ‘Use of firearm with free projectile’

Hazard Welfare consequence/s occurring to sheep and goats due to the hazard Hazard origin/s Hazard origin specification Preventive measures Corrective measures
Incorrect shooting position (See Section 3.2.5.1) Pain, fear Staff Lack of skilled operator
Operator fatigue
  • Staff training and rotation

  • Correct shooting position

Inappropriate power and calibre of the cartridge (See Section 3.2.5.1) Pain, fear Staff, equipment Lack of skilled operator
Wrong choice of equipment and cartridge
Poor maintenance of the equipment
  • Appropriate equipment

  • Staff training

  • Correct application of the power and calibre

Inappropriate type of projectile (See Section 3.2.5.1) Pain, fear Staff, equipment Lack of skilled operator
Wrong choice of projectile
  • Staff training

  • Shoot with a correct type of projectile

ABMs: signs of consciousness after stunning (as a prerequisite for experiencing pain and fear)