Table 2.
12-month prevalence of asthma symptoms and absolute change per decade for the 13–14-years age group in each study centre
| Number of individuals* |
Wheeze in past 12 months |
Asthma ever |
Severe asthma symptoms in past 12 months |
Exercise wheeze in past 12 months |
Night cough in past 12 months |
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence, %* | Absolute change per decade, %† | SE change† | Prevalence, %* | Absolute change per decade, %† | SE change† | Prevalence, %* | Absolute change per decade, %† | SE change† | Prevalence, %* | Absolute change per decade, %† | SE change† | Prevalence, %* | Absolute change per decade, %† | SE change† | |||
| Africa and Eastern Mediterranean | |||||||||||||||||
| Nigeria (Ibadan) | 2897 | 10·6% | −1·4% | −1·0 | 3·7% | −4·8% | −5·3 | 6·2% | −1·3% | −1·2 | 32·0% | −1·3% | −0·7 | 23·6% | −2·5% | −1·8 | |
| South Africa (Cape Town) | 3979 | 21·3% | 0·6% | 0·5 | 16·6% | 1·4% | 1·5 | 12·0% | 1·7% | 2·7 | 36·0% | 2·2% | 1·3 | 41·4% | 3·1% | 2·4 | |
| Sudan (Khartoum) | 1785 | 5·7% | −4·8% | −3·9 | 18·2% | 1·9% | 1·2 | 3·5% | −2·7% | −3·2 | 28·1% | 9·6% | 3·4 | 40·4% | 14·4% | 7·2 | |
| Syria (Lattakia) | 1215 | 19·8% | 7·7% | 4·4 | 10·9% | 2·8% | 4·9 | 10·6% | 4·7% | 4·3 | 35·8% | 13·6% | 4·6 | 54·4% | 19·4% | 8·6 | |
| Region total | 9876 | 15·1% | 0·7% | NA | 12·4% | 0·1% | NA | 8·6% | 0·8% | NA | 33·4% | 5·4% | NA | 37·6% | 6·2% | NA | |
| Americas | |||||||||||||||||
| Chile (South Santiago) | 2750 | 13·4% | −2·7% | −3·2 | 13·7% | −1·7% | −2·4 | 3·9% | −1·4% | −3·2 | 16·7% | −3·0% | −3·5 | 32·9% | −5·7% | −5·6 | |
| Costa Rica (Costa Rica) | 1338 | 20·8% | −4·1% | −3·9 | 22·0% | −0·7% | −0·6 | 9·4% | −2·7% | −3·7 | 14·4% | −3·3% | −4·4 | 31·2% | 3·0% | 2·7 | |
| Ecuador (Quito) | 3000 | 6·3% | −7·2% | −6·5 | 4·5% | −1·5% | −2·5 | 3·0% | −1·4% | −2·5 | 18·2% | 4·8% | 3·3 | 28·0% | 12·7% | 9·4 | |
| Mexico (Ciudad Victoria) | 2468 | 13·3% | −0·9% | −0·4 | 8·6% | 2·2% | 2·6 | 5·8% | 0·4% | 0·7 | 16·6% | −3·9% | −1·5 | 25·8% | −5·6% | −2·0 | |
| Mexico (Mexicali) | 2479 | 14·7% | 7·4% | 11·5 | 8·7% | 5·4% | 11·6 | 7·5% | 3·9% | 8·4 | 21·3% | 11·2% | 7·3 | 25·7% | 16·4% | 11·7 | |
| Mexico (Mexico City [North Area]) | 3375 | 8·9% | −0·8% | −0·6 | 7·4% | −0·4% | −0·4 | 3·7% | −0·2% | −0·3 | 15·5% | 1·9% | 1·3 | 14·8% | −13·2% | −4·7 | |
| Mexico (Monterrey) | 2641 | 12·5% | 3·9% | 6·9 | 11·3% | 2·5% | 4·2 | 5·5% | 1·7% | 4·0 | 23·1% | 8·0% | 7·6 | 31·2% | −2·6% | −1·1 | |
| Mexico (Toluca Urban Area) | 2650 | 5·7% | −0·7% | −0·7 | 6·2% | 0·8% | 1·8 | 2·3% | −0·9% | −1·3 | 11·0% | −5·2% | −1·6 | 16·1% | −3·4% | −1·2 | |
| Nicaragua (Managua) | 3131 | 16·9% | 1·9% | 2·3 | 20·1% | 3·0% | 4·1 | 9·8% | 1·3% | 2·2 | 21·9% | −2·6% | −2·6 | 43·8% | 0·2% | 0·2 | |
| Region total | 23 832 | 11·9% | −0·5% | NA | 10·8% | 0·9% | NA | 5·4% | 0·0% | NA | 17·8% | 1·2% | NA | 27·5% | 0·2% | NA | |
| Europe | |||||||||||||||||
| Spain (A Coruña) | 3462 | 16·5% | 0·8% | 1·1 | 20·6% | 1·4% | 1·9 | 8·1% | 1·2% | 2·5 | 21·3% | 0·2% | 0·2 | 35·7% | 4·9% | 4·6 | |
| Spain (Bilbao) | 3379 | 19·0% | 3·1% | 4·8 | 29·9% | 4·8% | 6·4 | 9·6% | 2·2% | 5·9 | 26·9% | 2·8% | 3·0 | 35·3% | 8·9% | 8·6 | |
| Spain (Cartagena) | 3437 | 10·2% | −0·3% | −0·5 | 14·9% | 2·3% | 3·4 | 4·1% | 0·1% | 0·3 | 13·9% | −0·8% | −0·9 | 23·6% | −2·8% | −3·0 | |
| Region total | 10 278 | 15·2% | 1·4% | NA | 21·7% | 3·1% | NA | 7·3% | 1·3% | NA | 20·7% | 1·0% | NA | 31·5% | 4·0% | NA | |
| South-East Asia and Western Pacific | |||||||||||||||||
| India (Bikaner) | 2702 | 2·4% | −3·2% | −3·2 | 3·5% | −0·7% | −1·1 | 1·6% | −0·9% | −1·7 | 8·7% | −0·1% | −0·1 | 22·5% | −2·5% | −2·4 | |
| India (Chandigarh) | 3000 | 2·5% | −1·9% | −5·6 | 1·2% | −1·7% | −5·0 | 0·7% | −1·2% | −5·8 | 10·4% | 3·2% | 2·2 | 39·1% | 7·8% | 3·8 | |
| India (Jaipur) | 3060 | 6·8% | 0·8% | 1·1 | 6·2% | 0·2% | 0·3 | 2·1% | −0·5% | −1·6 | 9·8% | 3·3% | 5·9 | 45·8% | 11·4% | 8·2 | |
| India (Kottayam) | 2091 | 4·4% | −7·1% | −5·9 | 4·3% | −3·0% | −2·0 | 1·5% | −5·0% | −4·1 | 4·8% | −4·5% | −4·1 | 17·3% | −7·6% | −5·0 | |
| India (Lucknow) | 2969 | 1·6% | −2·6% | −4·6 | 1·3% | −1·2% | −2·6 | 0·8% | −1·2% | −3·1 | 9·5% | 2·0% | 1·5 | 22·7% | −4·9% | −1·5 | |
| India (New Delhi) | 3024 | 0·9% | −2·8% | −4·2 | 0·3% | −3·9% | −5·2 | 0·5% | −1·8% | −4·7 | 6·6% | 1·2% | 1·7 | 27·3% | 13·1% | 12·6 | |
| India (Pune) | 3030 | 4·6% | 1·1% | 2·2 | 7·9% | 1·7% | 2·3 | 2·0% | 1·2% | 5·1 | 10·6% | 2·6% | 2·7 | 33·0% | 14·2% | 9·0 | |
| New Zealand (Auckland) | 1885 | 14·9% | −4·6% | −3·4 | 22·6% | −3·2% | −3·0 | 5·1% | −2·2% | −3·6 | 22·7% | −5·8% | −5·2 | 24·9% | −3·6% | −2·6 | |
| Taiwan (Taipei) | 3474 | 9·2% | 1·4% | 2·9 | 14·2% | −1·7% | −2·7 | 3·3% | 0·7% | 2·7 | 25·0% | 3·6% | 4·8 | 27·7% | 9·6% | 13·5 | |
| Thailand (Bangkok) | 3206 | 12·5% | −0·9% | −0·7 | 8·8% | −4·4% | −5·9 | 5·8% | −0·4% | −0·6 | 14·8% | −2·0% | −1·4 | 30·0% | −0·7% | −0·2 | |
| Region total | 28 441 | 5·8% | −2·1% | NA | 6·7% | −2·5% | NA | 2·3% | −1·2% | NA | 12·4% | −0·1% | NA | 29·7% | 4·3% | NA | |
| World total | 72 427 | 10·4% | −0·7% | NA | 11·0% | −0·3% | NA | 4·9% | −0·2% | NA | 18·2% | 1·2% | NA | 30·3% | 3·2% | NA | |
The Athens centre is not presented because its ISAAC data are from Phase I alone. NA=not applicable. Methodology notes for centres with GAN Phase I data alone are the following: no date of birth on the questionnaire (Ibadan, Taipei); response rate lower than 80% (Costa Rica, Cartagena); age and birth date showed high inconsistencies (Quito); fewer than ten schools used when ten or more schools were available (Ciudad Victoria, Mexico City [north area], Toluca Urban Area, Auckland, Bangkok); only age was reported reliably (Monterrey); single data entry (Monterrey); no age on the questionnaire (Chandigarh, New Delhi); questionnaires completed at home by parents (Kottayam); and more than 20% of questionnaires missing age and date of birth (Bangkok). GAN=Global Asthma Network. ISAAC=International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood.
GAN Phase I.
ISAAC Phase III to GAN Phase I.