Table 3.
Summary findings from multivariable logistic regression where outcomes are wasting, low birth weight and overweight/obesity of newborns delivered at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital, northwest Ethiopia
| Variables | Low birth weight | Wasting only | Overweight/obesity | |||
| AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | |
| Age | ||||||
| <19 | 0.46 | 0.15 to 1.39 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| 20–35 | 1 | 1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| >35 | 0.87 | 0.39 to 1.90 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Residence | ||||||
| Rural | 1.37 | 0.62 to 3.03 | 1.12 | 0.49 to 2.54 | 0.35* | 0.12 to 0.99 |
| Urban | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Religion | ||||||
| Muslim | 1.12 | 0.49 to 2.52 | 2.07 | 0.66 to 6.48 | 1.24 | 0.39 to 4.01 |
| Orthodox | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Educational status of the father | ||||||
| No schooling | 1.48 | 0.42 to 5.14 | 1.02 | 0.23 to 0.46 | 0.48 | 0.12 to 2.19 |
| Primary | 2.82* | 1.19 to 6.65 | 0.72 | 0.19 to 2.62 | 0.59 | 0.17 to 2.00 |
| Secondary | 1.95 | 0.71 to 5.36 | 1.64 | 0.61 to 4.38 | 0.68 | 0.25 to 1.85 |
| Higher education | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Educational status of the mother | ||||||
| No schooling | 1.36 | 0.35 to 5.32 | 2.54 | 0.45 to 14.41 | 1.41 | 0.25 to 8.09 |
| Primary | 0.52 | 0.15 to 1.78 | 1.65 | 0.34 to 8.18 | 1.63 | 0.35 to 7.59 |
| Secondary | 1.22 | 0.45 to 3.30 | 2.56 | 0.72 to 9.12 | 0.85 | 0.24 to 2.98 |
| Higher education | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Occupation of the mother | ||||||
| Government employee | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Merchant | 1.17 | 0.43 to 3.19 | 0.52 | 0.21 to 1.98 | 0.33 | 0.09 to 1.18 |
| Housewife | 0.71 | 0.21 to 2.44 | 0.79 | 0.09 to 7.05 | 0.92 | 0.24 to 3.45 |
| Wealth index | ||||||
| Richest | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Richer | 0.9 | 0.40 to 2.06 | 0.69 | 0.25 to 1.98 | 2.02 | 0.69 to 5.89 |
| Middle | 1.07 | 0.48 to 2.44 | 0.62 | 0.21 to 1.83 | 1.20 | 0.41 to 3.58 |
| Poorer | 1.44 | 0.63 to 3.27 | 0.75 | 0.26 to 2.19 | 1.35 | 0.45 to 4.03 |
| Poorest | 0.45 | 0.17 to 1.18 | 1.12 | 0.40 to 3.04 | 1.53 | 0.50 to 4.69 |
| Sex of the newborn | ||||||
| Male | 0.97 | 0.57 to 1.66 | 0.90 | 0.46 to 1.75 | 1.01 | 0.56 to 1.99 |
| Female | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Iron intake during pregnancy | ||||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| No | 0.86 | 0.32 to 2.34 | 0.60 | 0.19 to 1.89 | 0.75 | 0.26 to 2.16 |
| Parity | ||||||
| Multipara | 0.58 | 0.32 to 1.6 | 0.32 | 0.04 to 2.63 | 1.37 | 0.27 to 6.90 |
| Primiparous | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| ANC | ||||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| No | 1.45 | 0.36 to 5.79 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Intention of pregnancy | ||||||
| Not intentional | 0.99 | 0.37 to 2.65 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Intentional | 1 | 1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Height of the mother | ||||||
| Short | 0.61 | 0.26 to 1.47 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Tall | 1 | 1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| MUAC | ||||||
| Malnutrition | 0.72 | 0.37 to 1.39 | 1.5 | 0.60 to 2.63 | 0.97 | 0.48 to 1.95 |
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Length for age | ||||||
| Short for age | 3.17 | 1.6 to 6.0† | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Normal | 1 | 1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Season of conception | ||||||
| Kiremt/winter | 0.83 | 0.46 to 1.48 | 0.88 | 0.45 to 1.77 | 0.92 | 0.48 to 1.78 |
| Bega/summer | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Exposed to indoor fire smoke | ||||||
| Yes | 0.59 | 0.27 to 1.28 | 1.92 | 0.63 to 5.84 | 1.01 | 0.39 to 2.56 |
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
N/A=variables that do not fulfil the Χ2 assumption.
*P≤0.05=strong association.
†P≤0.0001=very strong association.
ANC, antenatal care; AOR, adjusted OR; MUAC, mid-upper arm circumference; N/A, not applicable.