Table 2.
Bivariate analysis of factors associated with mental disorder risk by GHQ-12 cut-off
| Factors | Mean±SD or n (%) | P value | |
| GHQ-12 <3 | GHQ-12 ≥3 | ||
| Age, years | 46.0±13.4 | 41.7±11.8 | <0.001* |
| Sex | <0.001* | ||
| Male | 359 (42.1) | 418 (31.8) | |
| Female | 493 (57.9) | 896 (68.2) | |
| Having a partner (n=2,165) | 0.345 | ||
| Yes | 684 (80.3) | 1,032 (78.6) | |
| No | 168 (19.7) | 281 (21.4) | |
| Education level | 0.606 | ||
| No schooling completed | 6 (0.7) | 17 (1.3) | |
| Primary school | 55 (6.5) | 89 (6.8) | |
| High school | 350 (41.1) | 530 (40.3) | |
| University | 441 (51.8) | 678 (51.6) | |
| Job status (n=2,051) | <0.001* | ||
| Employed | 519 (63.8) | 613 (49.6) | |
| Temporary sick leave | 44 (5.4) | 197 (15.9) | |
| Permanent sick leave | 65 (8.0) | 163 (13.2) | |
| Retired | 102 (12.5) | 65 (5.3) | |
| Early retirement | 11 (1.4) | 22 (1.8) | |
| Unemployed | 22 (2.7) | 93 (7.5) | |
| Homemaker | 36 (4.4) | 35 (2.8) | |
| Student | 15 (1.8) | 35 (2.8) | |
| Patient organisation membership | 0.652 | ||
| Yes | 322 (37.8) | 484 (36.8) | |
| No | 530 (62.2) | 830 (63.2) | |
| BASDAI (0–10) | 4.6±2.0 | 6.0±1.8 | <0.001* |
| BASDAI cut-off | |||
| BASDAI <4 | 321 (37.7) | 163 (12.4) | <0.001* |
| BASDAI ≥4 | 531 (62.3) | 1,151 (87.6) | |
| Global Limitation Index (0–54) |
10.8±10.2 | 16.5±12.1 | <0.001* |
| Depression diagnosis (n=2,034) | <0.001* | ||
| Yes | 113 (14.2) | 561 (45.2) | |
| No | 685 (85.8) | 679 (54.8) | |
| Anxiety diagnosis (n=2,038) | <0.001* | ||
| Yes | 100 (12.5) | 510 (41.3) | |
| No | 700 (87.5) | 724 (58.7) | |
BASDAI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index; GHQ-12, 12-item General Health Questionnaire.