Table 2.

Costs.

	Average unit or weekly costs per patient (SE)	TAU	PCM	p-Value for any differencea
		N = 149	N = 146
		Average total costs per patient (SE)	Average total costs per patient (SE)
Initial patient assessmentb	$197 (80)	$197 (7)	$197 (7)	0.86
Medical assessmentsc	$91 (38)	$168 (31)	$123 (31)	0.31
Individual counseling	$46 (3)	$368 (20)	$406 (25)	0.30
Group counselingd	$8 (2)	$47 (6)	$31 (7)	0.08
Weekly servicese	$44 (7)	$1512 (75)	$1641 (75)	0.23
Total	–	$2292 (108)	$2396 (103)	0.49
	–	(108)	(103)

^ap-Value shown for a two-tailed test with a null hypothesis of a difference of zero the average mean cost of TAU and PCM services. A p-value of 0.05 or less would indict a non-zero significant difference.

^bDifferences in average patient costs are due to site level cost differences and rounding.

^cIncludes case management, methadone dosing, patient education, ongoing medical services and any other patient services.

^dMedical assessment records were not available for three patients in TAU and two patients in PCM.

^eCosts are calculated on a per patient basis where the session cost of group counseling is divided by the average group attendance.