. 2021 Oct 11;37(10):725–735. doi: 10.1089/aid.2020.0266

Table 1.

Macrophage Subsets in the Spleen

Macrophage type	Cellular marker(s)	Function	Effect of HIV infection^59,114
Red pulp macrophages	Spi-C,¹¹⁵ F4/80+,^116,117 VCAM-1,¹¹⁸ CD163+,¹¹⁹ HO-1,¹¹⁶ ferroportin¹¹⁶	• Clearance of effete red blood cells¹⁵	• Increase in acute infection
		• Iron metabolism^15,115,120	• Increase in chronic infection
		• Scavenging blood-borne debris¹²⁰
		• Production of type 1 interferons¹²¹
Marginal zone metallophilic macrophages	CD68+,^117,120 SIGN-R1,¹²⁰ CD169,¹¹⁷ sialoadhesin¹²²	• Immune surveillance¹¹⁷	• Decrease in acute infection
Marginal zone metallophilic macrophages	CD68+,^117,120 SIGN-R1,¹²⁰ CD169,¹¹⁷ sialoadhesin¹²²	• Degradation and clearance of viruses¹²³	• Decrease in chronic infection
Marginal zone macrophages	CD68+,^117,120 CD169+, MARCO,¹²⁴ LXRα,¹²⁵ Tim4¹²⁵	• Clearance of blood-borne encapsulated bacteria¹²⁵	• Decrease in acute infection
Marginal zone macrophages	CD68+,^117,120 CD169+, MARCO,¹²⁴ LXRα,¹²⁵ Tim4¹²⁵		• Decrease in chronic infection
White pulp macrophages (tingible body macrophages)	CD68+¹²⁰	• Phagocytosis of apoptotic B cells within germinal centers^117,125	• Decrease in acute infection
White pulp macrophages (tingible body macrophages)	CD68+¹²⁰	• Regulation of germinal center reactions¹²⁵	• Decrease in chronic infection (replaced by CD163+ and CD163+/CD68+ macrophages)

F4/80, epidermal growth factor-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1; VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; HO-1, heme oxygenase 1; SIGN-R1, specific intracellular adhesion molecule-grabbing nonintegrin receptor 1; MARCO, macrophage receptor with collagenous structure; LXRα, liver X receptor-alpha; Tim4, T cell membrane protein 4.