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. 2021 Nov 8;21:2040. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12080-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Comparison of Survey 1 (May 2020), Survey 2 (July 2020), Survey 3 (September 2020), Survey 4 (December 2020), and POLYMOD UK [6] (pre-pandemic) contact matrices. Contact matrices show the average total number of daily reported contacts by respondents in different age groups with individuals in other age groups. Child-child and child-to-adult contacts were imputed for participant age groups younger than 18 years. The number of contacts in Surveys 3 (September) and 4 (December) were truncated at 75 contacts per respondent. Data were weighted on age and household size. The 2016 Canadian census was used for demographics to correct for probability of contact within the population. Missing contact age was sampled from age-matched participants’ contacts