Table 2.
Characteristics of the Health Data Obtained From the District of Columbia Department of Health for the Years 2000 and 2015, and 2014–2018 for Asthma; Annual Average Health Outcome Cases in the District; Mean (and Range) of the Annual Average Cases Across Neighborhoods, Zip Codes, or Wards; 2010 Population From SEDAC; and Annual Average Health Outcome Rates Computed Using the District's Total Cases and SEDAC Population Data per 100,000 People (and per 10,000 People for Asthma)
| Health outcome of interest | Spatial resolution | Ages included | Mean annual cases (DC‐wide) | Mean (range) cases across neighborhoods, zip codes, or wards | Population (DC‐wide) | Age‐standardized rates (DC‐wide) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asthma emergency department (ED) visits | Zip code (n = 26) | All ages | 7,103 | 263 (3–1311) | 627,656 | 113 |
| All‐cause mortality | Neighborhood (n = 47) | All ages | 4,702 | 98 (13–177) | 627,656 | 749 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Ward (n = 8) | Ages 30–99 years | 124 | 14 (10–21) | 358,884 | 35 |
| Ischemic heart disease | Neighborhood (n = 47) | Ages 25–99 years | 840 | 17 (8–28) | 358,884 | 234 |
| Lung cancer | Ward (n = 8) | Ages 30–99 years | 258 | 30 (15–45) | 358,884 | 72 |
| Stroke | Ward (n = 8) | Ages 25–99 years | 89 | 10 (6–16) | 358,884 | 25 |