Table 2.
All UC1 and UC2 genes. This table summarises all the genes in UC1 and UC2 clustering together with possible implications in colitis.
| Cluster | Gene | Possible functional implications in colitis |
|---|---|---|
| Reduced in UC1 relative to UC2 | PARM1 | Expression increased by inflammatory cytokines, but no found functions in colitis |
| NR3C2 | Receptor activated by cortisol and aldosterone, but no found functions in colitis | |
| NOX1 | Oxidative stress | |
| MAP2K2 | A member of mitogen-activated protein kinase family that has many pro-inflammatory effects in colitis1 | |
| Increased in UC1 relative to UC2 | COL15A1 | Collagen synthesis2 |
| COL12A1 | ||
| COL4A1 | ||
| COL4A2 | ||
| COL7A1 | ||
| MMP3 | ECM breakdown2 | |
| MMP1 | ||
| WNT5A | WNT gene family,2 important in intestinal epithelial regeneration and probably in wound healing in colitis,3 linked to many inflammatory pathways3 and might be possible activators of expression of metalloproteases4 | |
| WNT2 | ||
| WISP1 | ||
| IL6 | Cytokine and cell-to-cell signalling2 | |
| IL24 | ||
| IL11 | ||
| IL1B | ||
| IL33 | ||
| IL1R2 | ||
| IL1RN | ||
| IL7R | ||
| IL18RAP | ||
| IL13RA2 | ||
| TNF | ||
| TNFRSF11B | ||
| CSFF2RB | ||
| CSF3 | ||
| CSF3R | ||
| TGFBI | ||
| SOCS3 | ||
| TREM1 | ||
| CXCR2 | ||
| ICAM1 | ||
| ITGA5 | ||
| CXCR1 | ||
| CXCL8 | ||
| CXCL6 | ||
| CCR1 | ||
| ICAM3 | ||
| TLR1 | Innate immunity, cell migration and neutrophil degranulation2 | |
| TLR2 | ||
| CD14 | ||
| S100A4 | ||
| S100A9 | ||
| S100A8 | ||
| S100A12 | ||
| PLAU | ||
| C5AR1 | ||
| SELL | ||
| SELE | ||
| FGR | ||
| BCL2A1 | ||
| PTGS2 | ||
| CYP26B1 | ||
| FAM49A | No found functions in colitis |
UC, ulcerative colitis; ECM, extracellular matrix.
References: 1Broom OJ, Widjaya B, Troelsen J, Olsen J, Nielsen OH. Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases: A Role in Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Clin Exp Immunol 2009;158[3]:272–80. 2National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. NCBI Gene. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ Last accessed June 26, 2020.3Moparthi L, Koch S. Wnt signaling in intestinal inflammation. Differentiation 2019;108:24–32. 4Tamamura Y, Otani T, Kanatani N, et al. Developmental Regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin Signals Is Required for Growth Plate Assembly, Cartilage Integrity, and Endochondral Ossification. J Biol Chem 2005;280:19185–95.