Figure 1.

Forest plots of hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of intensive vs. standard blood pressure control and their outcomes in SPRINT, stratified by baseline CKD status. Panel A depicts the primary cardiovascular outcome (defined as the composite of myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute decompensated heart failure, and cardiovascular death), all-cause mortality, and the composite of the primary cardiovascular outcome and all-cause mortality. Panel B shows the composite kidney outcome for the CKD cohort (defined as a ≥ 50% decline in eGFR from baseline confirmed on testing 90 days later or reaching end-stage kidney disease), the risk of developing incident chronic kidney disease for the non-CKD cohort, and the risk of developing incident albuminuria. Panel C displays the cognitive outcomes assessed in SPRINT.^{3, 9–10, 33–34}

BP – blood pressure, CV – cardiovascular, HR – hazard ratio, CI – confidence interval, CKD – chronic kidney disease, MCI – mild cognitive impairment.