Table 2–
| Characteristic | MDRD | AASK | REIN-2 | ACCORD (CKD cohort) | SPRINT (CKD cohort) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample Size, n | 840 - Mod. CKD Cohort – 585 - Severe CKD Cohort – 255 |
1094 - UPCR ≤ 0.22g/g – 733 - UPCR ≥ 0.22g/g – 357 |
335 | CKD – 1726 - CKD I – 693 - CKD II – 632 - CKD III – 401 |
CKD* – 2646 - eGFR 45 - <60 – 1759 - eGFR <45 – 891 |
| Follow-up, y | Mean – 2.2 (0 to 3.7) | Median – 3.8 (3 to 6.4) | Med. (IQR) – 1.6 (1.0 – 2.9) | Mean – 4.7 | Med. (IQR) – 3.3 (2.8 – 3.8) |
| Study Pop. | Non-Diabetic‡ | Hypertensive CKD†† | Non-Diabetic | Diabetic | Non-Diabetic |
| Age, y (mean ± SD) | Int. BP arm – 51.8 ± 12.4 Std. BP arm – 52.0 ± 12.2 |
Int. BP arm – 54.5 ± 10.9 Std. BP arm – 54.7 ± 10.4 |
Int. BP arm – 54.6 ± 14.7 Std. BP arm – 53.1 ± 15.8 |
Overall - 63.2 ± 7.3 | Overall - 71.9 ± 9.3 |
| GFR or eGFR Criteria† | Mod. CKD Cohort – 25 – 55 Severe CKD Cohort – 13 – < 25 |
20 – 65 | < 75 | N/A | 20 - < 60 |
| GFR, eGFR†, mean ± SD | Int. BP arm – 32.7 ± 12.1 Std. BP arm – 32.3 ± 11.9 Mod. CKD Cohort – 38.6 ± 8.9 Severe CKD Cohort – 18.5 ± 3.4 |
Int. BP arm – 46.0 ± 12.9 Std. BP arm – 45.3 ± 13.2 |
Int. BP arm – 38.6 ± 17.9 Std. BP arm – 38.9 ± 21.7 |
91.6 ± 28.8 (overall cohort) |
Overall - 47.9 ± 9.5 |
| sCr, mg/dL, mean ± SD |
Mod. CKD Cohort – 1.9 ± 0.5 Severe CKD Cohort – 3.4 ± 0.9 |
2.00 ± 0.70 | 2.7 ± 1.1 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.43 ± 0.39 |
| Proteinuria Criteria | > 10g/d excluded | > 2.5g/d excluded | < 1g/d excluded | > 1g/d excluded | > 1g/d excluded |
| Proteinuria, median (IQR) |
Overall: (g/d) 0.32 (0.07 – 1.5) Mod. CKD Cohort - 0.2 (0.0 – 2.9) Severe CKD Cohort – 0.8 (0.1 – 3.9) |
UPCR, Overall: (g/g) 0.08 (0.03–0.37) UPCR ≥ 0.22g/g subgroup: (g/g) - Int. BP arm – 0.96 (0.35–1.99) - Std. BP arm – 0.73 (0.42–1.37) |
(Mean ± SD, g/d) Int. BP arm – 2.8 ± 1.9 Std. BP arm – 2.9 ± 1.9 |
UACR (mg/g) 14.3 (6.9 – 44.8) Data for entire cohort |
UACR - 12.8 (6.5 – 42.6) mg/g UACR, mean ± SD - 80.9 ± 236.2 mg/g |
| Target BP, mmHg | Int. BP arm – MAP ≤ 92 (~125/75) - Age >60 - MAP ≤ 98 (~135/80) Std. BP arm – MAP ≤ 107 (~140/90) - Age >60 - MAP ≤ 113 (~150/95) |
Int. BP arm – MAP ≤ 92 (~125/75) Std. BP arm – MAP 102–107 (~135/85 –140/90) |
Int. BP arm - < 130/80 Std. BP arm – DBP < 90 |
Int. BP arm – SBP < 120 Std. BP arm – SBP < 140 |
Int. BP arm – SBP < 120 Std. BP arm – SBP < 140 |
| Achieved BP, mmHg, mean ± SD | Int. BP arm – MAP 93.0 ± 7.3 (~125/77) Std. BP arm – MAP 97.7 ± 7.7 (~133/80) Diff, mean – MAP 4.7 (~8/3) |
Int. BP arm – MAP 95 (~128/78) Std. BP arm – MAP 104 (~141/85) Diff, mean – MAP 9 (~13/7) |
Int. BP arm – 130/80 Std. BP – 134/82 Diff, mean – 4/2 |
Int. BP arm – SBP - 122 Std. BP arm – SBP - 134 SBP Diff, mean – 12 |
Int. BP arm – 123/66 Std. BP arm – 135.3/72.4 SBP Diff, mean – 12.3 |
| ACEI / ARB use (Int. vs. Std.) | 51 vs. 32% | Similar in both arms | 100% in both arms | 41 vs. 30% (Data for entire cohort) |
71.7% vs. 57% |
*
eGFR < 60ml/min per 1.73m2
†
All GFR, CrCl units are ml/min, and eGFR units are ml/min per 1.73m2
‡
The study population was mostly non-diabetic. Diabetics that did not require insulin therapy were allowed but only 26 of 840 participants had diabetic nephropathy.
††
Presumed hypertensive CKD. Patients were only included if they had hypertension, were non-diabetic, and had no other identified causes of renal dysfunction.
sCr – Serum Creatinine Concentration, UPCR – Urine protein-creatinine ratio, BP – blood pressure. SBP – systolic blood pressure, Int. – Intensive, Std. – Standard, Diff. – Difference. Mod. – Moderate, Med. – Median, IQR – inter-quartile range