Table 1. Basic characteristics of included studies [3,5,7,8,10,11,20,21].

Author	Year	Study design	Country	Sample size (No. of patients)	Clinical features and settings	Reference Standard	Specimen type
Both [10]	2019	Retrospective	Germany	33(-)	-b	culture	blood cultures
Both [10]	2019	Prospective	Germany	205(-)	-b	culture	blood cultures
Marner [11]	2011	Retrospective	America	184(145)	Patients	culture	perianal swabs
Babady [8]	2012	Prospective	America	300(162)	patients in bone marrow transplant units	culture	rectal swabs
Zabicka [21]	2011	Prospective	Poland	37(37)	Patients from Hematology or gastroenterology	1.culture 2. PCR	stool samples
Bourdon [7]	2010	Prospective	France	804(794)	Patients	1.culture 2. PCR	rectal swabs
Goossens [20]	2011	Prospective	Belgium	50(-)	patients undergoing renal dialysis	1.Culture 2.PCR	stool samples
Holzknecht [5]	2017	Prospective	Denmark	1099(804)	patients	1.culture 2. PCR	rectal swabs
Olivgeeris [3]	2016	Retrospective	Greece	372(-)	patients in ICU	1.culture 2.PCR	rectal swabs

a: MIC: minimum inhibitory concentration.

b: No mention of clinical features.

c: No mention of MIC.