Table 2.
Association of anemia with sociodemographic and anthropometric variables
| Variables | Number of participants (n=382) | Anemia present (n=139), n (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education | ||||||
| Illiterate | 242 | 98 (40.5) | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Less than primary | 49 | 16 (32.7) | 0.59 (0.59-0.32) | 0.32 | 0.43 (0.14-1.31) | 0.13 |
| Primary | 29 | 6 (20.7) | 1.10 (0.49-2.45) | 0.82 | 1.08 (0.45-2.59) | 0.86 |
| More than primary | 62 | 19 (30.6) | 1.54 (0.85-2.80) | 0.16 | 1.17 (0.55-2.55) | 0.67 |
| Current occupation | ||||||
| Homemaker | 139 | 51 (36.7) | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Others | 46 | 9 (19.6) | 0.42 (0.19-0.94) | 0.04 | 0.66 (0.26-1.67) | 0.38 |
| Not doing anything | 197 | 79 (40.1) | 1.16 (0.74-1.8) | 0.53 | 1.49 (0.90-2.49) | 0.12 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 242 | 80 (33.1) | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Widow (er) | 140 | 59 (42.1) | 1.48 (0.96-2.27) | 1.48 | 0.96 (0.59-1.58) | 0.88 |
| Economic dependence | ||||||
| Independent | 104 | 27 (26) | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Partially dependent | 232 | 97 (41.8) | 2.05 (1.23-3.41) | 0.01 | 1.61 (0.81-3.19) | 0.17 |
| Fully dependent | 46 | 15 (32.6) | 1.38 (0.65-2.94) | 0.04 | 1.11 (0.46-2.68) | 0.81 |
| Smoking | ||||||
| Never smoker | 137 | 52 (38) | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Former smoker | 68 | 35 (51.5) | 1.73 (0.96-3.11) | 0.07 | 1.86 (0.99-3.48) | 0.05 |
| Current smoker | 177 | 52 (29.4) | 0.68 (0.42-1.09) | 0.11 | 0.76 (0.45-1.27) | 0.28 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | ||||||
| Normal | 140 | 47 (33.6) | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Underweight | 127 | 57 (44.9) | 1.61 (0.98-2.64) | 0.05 | 1.64 (0.97-2.75) | 0.06 |
| Overweight and obese | 111 | 33 (29.7) | 0.84 (0.49-1.43) | 0 0.51 | 0.80 (0.46-1.39) | 0.42 |
*Blood was tested for haemoglobin in 382 participants. Anthropometry could be recorded in 381 participants. In 378 participants, both haemoglobin estimation and anthropometry measurement could be done. BMI: Body mass index, OR: Odds ratio, CI: Confidence interval