Table 1.
Demographics and angiographic data.
| CANO (N = 92) | Conventional stenosis (N = 106) | P value | CANO with full collapse (N = 45) | CANO without full collapse (N = 47) | P value¶ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, year | 70.5 ± 8.9 | 70.6 ± 9.3 | 0.965 | 70.0 ± 8.7 | 71.0 ± 9.1 | 0.584 |
| Male sex | 76 (83%) | 85 (80%) | 0.663 | 37 (82%) | 39 (83%) | 0.924 |
| BMI | 24.7 ± 3.7 | 24.1 ± 3.5 | 0.255 | 24.4 ± 3.4 | 25.0 ± 3.9 | 0.434 |
| Symptomatic disease* | 43 (47%) | 38 (36%) | 0.120 | 27 (60%) | 16 (34%) | 0.013 |
| Smoking | 57 (62%) | 55 (52%) | 0.154 | 28 (62%) | 29 (62%) | 0.959 |
| CAD | 71 (77%) | 66 (62%) | 0.023 | 37 (82%) | 34 (72%) | 0.259 |
| DM | 36 (39%) | 36 (34%) | 0.451 | 21 (47%) | 15 (32%) | 0.147 |
| HTN | 74 (80%) | 85 (80%) | 0.965 | 35 (78%) | 39 (83%) | 0.530 |
| Dyslipidemia | 76 (83%) | 80 (75%) | 0.220 | 39 (87%) | 37 (79%) | 0.315 |
| Hx of H&N RT | 12 (13%) | 34 (32%) | 0.002 | 3 (7%) | 9 (19%) | 0.076 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 7 (8%) | 8 (8%) | 0.987 | 4 (9%) | 3 (6%) | 0.711 |
| Angiographic characteristics | ||||||
| Target-lesion length, mm | 17.4 ± 8.6 | 14.4 ± 3.7 | 0.002 | 19.7 ± 10.9 | 15.2 ± 4.7 | 0.014 |
| Ipsilateral CCA lesion | 9 (10%) | 15 (14%) | 0.348 | 3 (7%) | 6 (13%) | 0.325 |
| Contralateral ICA total occlusion | 8 (9%) | 14 (13%) | 0.314 | 5 (11%) | 3 (6%) | 0.421 |
| Ipsilateral ECA total occlusion | 5 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 0.020 | 2 (4%) | 3 (6%) | 1.000 |
| Criteria of CANO | ||||||
| ICA < contralateral ICA# | 84 (100%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 | 40 (100%) | 44 (100%) | NA |
| ICA diameter < ipsilateral ECA# | 54 (62%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 | 38 (88%) | 16 (36%) | < 0.001 |
| Delayed flow of ICA | 53 (58%) | 6 (6%) | < 0.001 | 34 (76%) | 19 (40%) | 0.001 |
| Intracranial collateral | 64 (70%) | 15 (14%) | < 0.001 | 42 (93%) | 22 (47%) | < 0.001 |
| Ipsilateral ICA diameter, mm | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 5.7 ± 0.7 | < 0.001 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 3.7 ± 0.8 | < 0.001 |
| Ipsilateral ICA/contralateral ICA ratio# | 0.44 ± 0.26 | 1.10 ± 0.53 | < 0.001 | 0.21 ± 0.13 | 0.66 ± 0.14 | < 0.001 |
| Ipsilateral ICA/ipsilateral ECA ratio# | 0.76 ± 0.68 | 1.67 ± 0.54 | < 0.001 | 0.44 ± 0.78 | 1.01 ± 0.36 | < 0.001 |
BMI: body mass index; CAD: coronary artery disease; DM: diabetes mellitus; HTN: hypertension; Hx: history; CVA: cerebral vascular accident; H&N RT: head and neck radial therapy; CCA: common carotid artery; TICI: the thrombolysis in cerebral infarction; ICA: internal carotid artery; ECA: external carotid artery.
*Symptomatic disease: a hemispheric transient ischemic attack (distinct focal neurologic dysfunction) or monocular blindness persisting less than 24 h or a stroke with persistence of symptoms or signs for more than 24 h within the previous 120 days before the index procedure.
#Cases with contralateral ICA total occlusion or ipsilateral ECA total occlusion were excluded in the related analysis.
¶P value of comparing CANO patients with and without full collapse.