Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Phase I—VATS setup. Intraoperative photograph showing a retractor (Endopaddle Retract; Auto Suture, Covidien incorporated, Mansfield, MA, USA) which is used to retract the lung inferiorly. In patients with TOS the first rib is shorter and has a broader medial aspect due to the congenital abnormality of chest development. The positions of the SV and SA relative to the first rib are seen. TOS, thoracic outlet syndrome; SV, subclavian vein; SA, subclavian artery.
