Table 2.
Association between maternal PCOS and neuropsychiatric disorders in their children.
| Neuropsychiatric disorders | N | Unadjusted association | Adjusted associationa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2 | OR (95% CI) | p value | I2 | OR (95% CI) | p value | ||
| ASD | 12 | 28.4% | 1.59 (1.47, 1.73) | <0.001 | 26.5% | 1.40 (1.29, 1.53) | <0.001 |
| ADHD | 5 | 70.2% | 1.54 (1.37, 1.73) | <0.001 | 0.0% | 1.42 (1.35, 1.49) | <0.001 |
| CTD | 2 | 47.4% | 1.56 (1.19, 2.03) | 0.001 | 0.0% | 1.44 (1.24, 1.68) | <0.001 |
| Anxiety | 2 | 0.0% | 1.33 (1.26, 1.41) | <0.001 | 0.0% | 1.33 (1.26, 1.41) | <0.001 |
| Other behavioral symptoms | 3 | 0.0% | 1.45 (1.37, 1.54) | <0.001 | 0.0% | 1.45 (1.37, 1.54) | <0.001 |
| ASD in cohort studies | 7 | 11.6% | 1.57 (1.44, 1.72) | <0.001 | 0.0% | 1.45 (1.34, 1.57) | <0.001 |
| ADHD in cohort studies | 4 | 33.9% | 1.48 (1.35, 1.62) | <0.001 | 0.0% | 1.43 (1.35, 1.51) | <0.001 |
N number of studies, ASD autism spectrum disorder, ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, PCOS Polycystic ovary syndrome, CTD chronic tic disorder, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval.
aAdjusted association included adjusted ORs if available.