. 2021 Nov 6;130:105393. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105393

Table 3.

Mean and standard deviation of parental concerns scores during COVID-19 to compare groups based on gender, income loss and family system (N = 923).

Parameters		Parental concerns
Parameters		M	SD	t (921)	P	Cohen's d
Gender	Male (n = 318)	2.26	0.43	−2.045	0.041^⁎	0.138
Gender	Female (n = 605)	2.32	0.44	−2.045	0.041^⁎	0.138
Income loss during COVID-19	Participants who suffered loss in income during COVID-19 (n = 597)	2.36	0.44	4.823	0.000^⁎⁎	0.349
Income loss during COVID-19	Participants who didn't suffer loss in income during COVID-19 (n = 326)	2.21	0.42	4.823	0.000^⁎⁎	0.349
Family system	Joint family system (n = 552)	2.32	0.44	2.017	0.044^⁎	0.136
Family system	Nuclear family system (n = 371)	2.26	0.44	2.017	0.044^⁎	0.136

^⁎

p < .05.

^⁎⁎

p < .001.