Table 1.

Methods of exosome isolation and evaluation.

Method	Principle	Advantage	Disadvantage	Reference
Ultra-centrifugation	Special density	Gold standard for vesicle isolation, effective, low cost	Laborious, low yield	(45–47)
Sucrose/heavy water density gradient	Special density	Effective, low cost	Laborious, low yield,	(20, 52)
Exosomes isolation kit	Special density	Convenient, efficient	Low purity and high cost	(45, 47, 50)
Magnetic beans sorting	Immunoreaction	High precision, direct analysis target molecular	Laborious, high cost	(49)
Filter device	Special diameter	High precision, direct analysis of target molecules	High cost	(53)
Flow sorting	Immunoreaction	High precision, direct analysis of target molecule	Laborious, high cost	(54, 55)
PEG (polyethylene glycol)	Special density	Effective	Low purity, high cost	(56)