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. 2021 Oct 26;9:753196. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.753196

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

PPP pathway inhibitor 6-ANA functionally attenuated HCC migration and invasion. (A) The NADP+/NADPH ratio increased in the 6-ANA treated groups (n = 3). (B,C) The percentage of ROS and annexin V–positive cells increased as compared to the control group (n = 3). (D) The extent of cell proliferation was significantly reduced in the 6-ANA–treated group. (E,F) 6-ANA effectively suppressed the size and number of CFUs (n = 3). (G,H) Representative photographs showing the HCC cell lines that had passed through the well bottom to the lower surface of the membrane. The cells from five representative fields were counted. (I,J) Representative photographs showed the invasive cells that had passed through Matrigel to the lower surface of the membrane. Invaded cells from five representative fields were counted. (K,L) Migration rate was analyzed and expressed as the area of cells migrating from the original wounds. Data show individual values and mean ± SD. (A–D,F,H,J,L) Unpaired two-tailed Student t-tests, assessed statistical significance, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.