Table 3. Exercise Capacity at Peak Exercise by Study Population.
| Measure | Median (IQR) | P value | Adjusted P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 66) | Born SGA (n = 61) | |||
| Maximal workload, mean (SD), W | 214 (60) | 180 (62) | .001 | .006 |
| Ventilation, % | 91.1 (71.2-109.7) | 76.9 (60.6-90.9) | .001 | .03 |
| V̇o2, mL/min/kg | 29.5 (24.0-36.0) | 26.0 (21.5-33.5) | .04 | .02 |
| V̇o2/LV mass, mean (SD), mL/min/g/m2 | 47.8 (14.0) | 41.7 (11.0) | .02 | .03 |
| V̇o2, mean (SD), % predicted | 85.6 (16.5) | 83.1 (17.7) | .42 | .40 |
| V̇co2, mL/min/kg | 44.4 (38.2-50.1) | 39.2 (33.0-48.9) | .04 | .02 |
| Respiratory exchange ratio, mean (SD)b | 1.4 (0.1) | 1.5 (0.1) | .69 | .90 |
| O2 saturation, mean (SD), % | 98 (2) | 98 (2) | .70 | .16 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 176 (168-185) | 176 (165-184) | .76 | .62 |
| Blood pressure, mm Hg | ||||
| Systolic | 180 (162-203) | 171 (144-186) | .03 | .04 |
| Diastolic | 90 (94-100) | 89 (80-102) | .86 | .55 |
| Pulse pressure, mm Hgc | 90 (75-108) | 75 (56-90) | .008 | .048 |
| O2 pulse, mean (SD), mL/beat/mind | 12.7 (3.9) | 10.6 (3.4) | .003 | .10 |
Abbreviations: bpm, beats per minute; IQR, interquartile range; O2, oxygen; SGA, small for gestational age; V̇co2, carbon dioxide production; V̇o2, oxygen consumption.
a
P value as compared with controls adjusted by age, sex, body surface area, asthma, educational level, smoking habit, gestational age at delivery, breastfeeding, and gestational hypertension.
b
Respiratory exchange ratio calculated as V̇co2 divided by V̇o2.
c
Pulse pressure calculated as systolic blood pressure divided by diastolic blood pressure.
d
Oxygen pulse calculated as V̇o2 divided by heart rate.