COR	Recommendations	LOE	References
CIED Follow-up Recommendations			[91,92]
I	In-person evaluation (IPE) and the establishment of remote interrogation and monitoring (RIM) are recommended within 2–4 weeks post CIED implantation.	C-EO
I	At least one annual IPE of all CIEDs is recommended.	C-EO
I	RIM is recommended for all patients with a CIED that has been recalled or has an advisory to enable early detection of actionable events and confirm proper device function.	C-EO
I	RIM of CIEDs is recommended every 3–12 months for pacemakers and 3–6 months for ICDs. Frequency should be increased (every 1–3 months) for CIEDs approaching elective replacement indicators.	C-EO
I	It is recommended that allied health care professionals possess International Board of Heart Rhythm Examiners certification or equivalent experience if they provide RIM and are involved in patient management decisions.	C-EO
CIED Ancillary Testing Recommendations
I	Evaluation of the intrinsic cardiac rhythm evaluation is recommended during CIED interrogation at the annual IPE.	C-EO
IIa	A standard 12-lead ECG is reasonable at annual in-person evaluation.	C-EO
IIa	Two-view chest X-ray is reasonable at the first post-implant IPE and every 1–3 years based on patient-specific considerations.	C-EO
IIa	An echocardiogram is reasonable for assessment of ventricular function in patients who have >40% ventricular paced rhythm every 1–3 years.	C-LD	[93]
IIb	Exercise stress testing and ambulatory ECG monitoring may be considered in patients with symptoms suggesting possible device malfunction or to assist with device programming.	C-LD	[94]