. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Nov 9.

Published in final edited form as: ACS Infect Dis. 2021 Jun 9;7(8):2116–2126. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00087

Table 1.

A. baumannii clinical strains, isolation source, antibiotic resistance, and effect of bovine or human lactoferrin on growth or biofilm

Strain ID	Source	Antibiotic^R profile	Growth MIC (Bovine Lf)	Growth MIC (Human Lf)	Biofilm Reduction (Bovine Lf)	Biofilm Reduction (Human Lf)
4	bronchial wash	A/S^I, AK, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE, GM, LVX, MER, PI, T/S, TE^I, TIM	62.5 μg/mL ^*	62.5 μg/mL ^*	—	—
5	abdominal cavity	—	62.5 μg/mL ^**	62.5 μg/mL^****	41% ^*	62% ^*
11	urine	A/S^I, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, LVX, MER^I, PI, T/S, TE, TIM	250 μg/mL ^*	125 μg/mL ^**	—	—
13	blood	A/S^I, AK, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE, GM, LVX, MER, PI, T/S, TE^I, TIM, TO	125 μg/mL ^*	125 μg/mL ^***	77% ^*	75% ^*
15	blood	A/S, AK^I, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE, GM, LVX, MER, PI, T/S, TIM, TO	250 μg/mL ^***	62.5 μg/mL^****	72% ^*	68% ^*
16	sputum	CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE^I, GM, LVX, PI, T/S, TE^I, TIM^I, TO^I	250 μg/mL ^*	125 μg/mL ^*	32% ^*	—
17	blood	AK^I, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE, GM, LVX, MER, PI, T/S, TE^I, TIM, TO	62.5 μg/mL ^*	62.5 μg/mL ^**	50% ^*	70% ^*
19	wound	CAX^I, CFT^I	<1000 μg/mL	<1000 μg/mL	—	41% ^*
31	sputum	A/S, AK, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE, GM, LVX, MER, PI, T/S, TE, TIM, TO	250 μg/mL ^*	125 μg/mL ^**	53% ^*	—
32	Foley catheter	A/S^I, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE, GM, LVX, MER, PI, T/S, TE^I, TIM, TO	750 μg/mL^****	250 μg/mL ^**	—	—
35	sputum	—	750 μg/mL ^**	125 μg/mL ^*	67% ^*	76% ^*
37	wound	A/S^I, AK, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE, GM, LVX^I, MER, PI, T/S, TE^I, TIM, TO	250 μg/mL ^*	750 μg/mL ^**	—	68% ^*
38	sputum	A/S^I, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE, GM, LVX^I, MER, PI, T/S, TIM, TO	750 μg/mL ^***	750 μg/mL ^***	—	34% ^*
79	sputum	—	<1000 μg/mL	<1000 μg/mL	—	38% ^*
81	wound	—	62.5 μg/mL ^**	125 μg/mL ^*	—	—
101	wound	—	250 μg/mL ^*	125 μg/mL ^*	42% ^*	70% ^*
112	sputum	A/S, CAX, CAZ, CFT, CP, CPE, GM, LVX, T/S, TE, TO	750 μg/mL ^***	250 μg/mL ^****	56% ^*	84% ^*

Key terms and symbols. A. baumannii strain identification (Strain ID). Source of isolation from clinical patient (Source). Antibiotic abbreviations are as follows: Ampicillin-Sulbactam (A/S), amikacin (AK), ceftriaxone (CAX), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefotaxime (CFT), ciprofloxacin (CP), cefepime (CPE), gentamicin (GM), levofloxacin (LVX), meropenem (MER), piperacillin (PI), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (T/S), tetracycline (TE), ticarcillin-K clavulanate (TIM), and tobramycin (TO). Intermediate resistance is designated with a superscript (I). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was defined as the lowest concentration at which statistically significant inhibition of growth was observed, and biofilm reduction was defined as statistically significant inhibition of bacterial biofilm, determined by one-way one-way ANOVA compared to bacterial grown in medium alone (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001). For MIC analyses, bacteria were grown in increasing concentrations of either bovine lactoferrin (Bovine Lf) or human lactoferrin (Human Lf). For biofilm assays, bacteria were grown in medium alone or medium supplemented with 125 μg/mL Bovine Lf or Human Lf and percent calculated is the mean reduction in biofilm formation compared to cultures grown in medium alone.