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Port and robotic arm placement. (a) Port placement in epR-spRP. (b) The scope holder arm and the two primary robotic arms were used in epR-spRP. (c) Postoperative image of the incision after epR-spRP. (d) Port placement in epR-mpRP. (e) Robotic arm installation in epR-mpRP. (f) The incision after epR-mpRP. epR-spRP: extraperitoneal robotic single-port radical prostatectomy; epR-mpRP: extraperitoneal robotic multiport radical prostatectomy.
