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. 2021 Oct 14;47:102165. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102165

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Main signaling pathways of the free fatty acid receptors (FFARs). cAMP: cyclic adenosine monophosphate; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ERK1/2: extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2; FFAR: free fatty acid receptor; RAS: GTPase rat sarcoma virus; RAF1: Raf kinase 1; RAP: Ras related protein; MEK: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase.