Table 4.
Bivariate and Multivariable Analysis for Factors Associated with SSI of Study Participants Admitted at Jugal and Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospitals, Harar, Ethiopia 2020
| Characteristics | SSI Pos. | SSI Neg. | COR | 95% C.I | P-value | AOR | 95% CI | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | ||||||||
| Age | >60 | 14 (26.4%) | 39 (73.6%) | 6.4009 | 2.168 | 18.942 | 0.001 | 4.139 | 1.278 | 13.406 | 0.018 |
| 46–60 | 5 (6.5%) | 72 (93.5%) | 5.037 | 1.762 | 14.399 | 0.359 | 2.038 | 0.501 | 8.288 | 0.320 | |
| 31–45 | 6 (8.7%) | 63 (91.3%) | 3.573 | 1.009 | 12.654 | 0.348 | 1.988 | 0.401 | 9.862 | 0.400 | |
| 16–30 | 6 (9.8%) | 55 (90.2%) | 8.058 | 1.259 | 13.232 | 0.391 | 1.749 | 0.507 | 8.361 | 0.362 | |
| ≤15 | 5 (10.8%) | 41 (89.2%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Sex | Male | 19 (15.2%) | 106 (84.8%) | 1.330 | 0.351 | 1.723 | 0.476 | ||||
| Female | 17 (9.4%) | 164 (90.6%) | 1 | ||||||||
| Residence | Urban | 21 (13.2%) | 138 (86.8%) | 1.445 | 0.320 | 1.507 | 0.356 | ||||
| Rural | 15 (10.2%) | 132 (89.8%) | 1 | ||||||||
| Educational status | Unable to read and write | 10 (9.5%) | 95 (90.5%) | 1.188 | 0.448 | 3.147 | 0.449 | 1.867 | 0.545 | 6.397 | 0.320 |
| Read & write | 6 (14.3%) | 36 (85.7%) | 1.469 | 0.475 | 4.544 | 0.466 | 1.848 | 0.329 | 8.498 | 0.486 | |
| Grade 1–4 | 5 (17.2%) | 24 (82.8%) | 0.407 | 0.118 | 1.405 | 0.155 | 0.587 | 0.712 | 4.200 | 0.729 | |
| Grade 5–8 | 6 (18.2%) | 27 (81.8%) | 0.553 | 0.120 | 2.541 | 0.067 | 0.332 | 0.102 | 1.082 | 0.229 | |
| ≥grade 9 | 9 (9.3%) | 88 (90.7%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Marital status | Single | 12 (16.7%) | 60 (83.3%) | 2.239 | 0.304 | 16.466 | 0.447 | ||||
| Married | 19 (9.3%) | 186 (90.7%) | 0.680 | 0.210 | 2.207 | 0.521 | |||||
| Others | 5 (17.2%) | 24 (82.8%) | 1 | ||||||||
| Occupational status | Government | 6 (7.9%) | 70 (92.1%) | 1.815 | 0.139 | 5.150 | 0.263 | ||||
| Farmer | 6 (12%) | 44 (88%) | 1.822 | 0.552 | 6.019 | 0.325 | |||||
| Labor worker | 9 (11.5%) | 69 (88.5%) | 1.889 | 0.709 | 5.030 | 0.253 | |||||
| Unemployed | 15 (14.7%) | 87 (85.3%) | 1 | ||||||||
| Smoking status | Yes | 9 (17.6%) | 42 (82.4%) | 0.749 | 0.272 | 2.068 | 0.310 | ||||
| No | 27 (10.6%) | 228 (89.4%) | 1 | ||||||||
| Alcohol status | Yes | 11 (22.9%) | 37 (77.1%) | 0.138 | 0.124 | 0.916 | 0.021 | 2.580 | 1.092 | 6.101 | 0.031 |
| No | 25 (9.9%) | 233 (90.1%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Chewing chat | Yes | 20 (13.8%) | 125 (86.2%) | 0.737 | 0.330 | 1.647 | 0.360 | ||||
| No | 16 (9.9%) | 145 (90.1%) | 1 | ||||||||
| Ward | Surgical | 28 (14.5%) | 165 (85.5%) | 0.514 | 0.208 | 1.270 | 0.261 | ||||
| Obs/Gyn | 8 (7.1%) | 105 (92.9%) | 1.541 | 1 | |||||||
| Location of wound | Abdomen | 26 (9.5%) | 249 (90.5%) | 0.313 | 0.063 | 8.834 | 0.153 | 0.296 | 0.074 | 1.185 | 0.174 |
| Thigh | 5 (50%) | 5 (50%) | 2.993 | 1.014 | 8.834 | 0.047 | 4.284 | 0.525 | 34.959 | 0.085 | |
| Extremities | 5 (23.8%) | 16 (76.2%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Presence of discharge | Yes | 29 (42.6%) | 39 (57.4%) | 27.290 | 10.477 | 441.021 | 0.001 | 24.514 | 10.053 | 38.867 | 0.002 |
| No | 7 (2.9%) | 231 (97.1%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| POA | Yes | 20 (20%) | 80 (80%) | 3.036 | 1.129 | 22.459 | 0.230 | 2.672 | 0.946 | 7.546 | 0.064 |
| No | 16 (7.8%) | 190 (92.2%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Type of surgery | Emergency | 10 (18.7%) | 183 (81.3%) | 1.243 | 0.302 | 5.111 | 0.760 | ||||
| Elective | 20 (6.5%) | 87 (93.5%) | |||||||||
| Duration of surgery | 1–120 minutes | 30 (10.2%) | 263 (89.8%) | 1.000 | 0.016 | 1.626 | 0.010 | 0.159 | 0.040 | 0.630 | 0.009 |
| 121–180 minutes | 6 (46.1%) | 7 (53.9%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Type of wound | Dirty | 14 (35%) | 26 (65%) | 9.154 | 3.683 | 20.732 | 0.001 | 9.026 | 3.511 | 23.205 | 0.007 |
| Contaminated | 7 (24.1%) | 22 (75.9%) | 4.000 | 1.439 | 11.117 | 0.010 | 3.668 | 1.140 | 11.720 | 0.029 | |
| Clean contaminated | 5 (8.77%) | 52 (91.23%) | 2.369 | 0.737 | 7.421 | 0.150 | 2.297 | 0.822 | 6.416 | 0.113 | |
| Clean | 10 (5.6%) | 170 (94.4%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Length of hosp. stay | ≤2 weeks | 9 (30%) | 21 (70%) | 5.122 | 1.415 | 18.545 | 0.130 | 2.510 | 0.902 | 6.984 | 0.078 |
| >2 weeks | 27 (9.8%) | 249 (90.2%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Diabetics | Yes | 12 (41.4%) | 17 (58.6%) | 3.205 | 0.779 | 13.176 | 0.006 | 7.457 | 2.893 | 19.221 | 0.010 |
| No | 24 (8.7%) | 253 (91.3%) | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Note: Others = Divorced, widowed, and separated.