TABLE 1.
Cohort Characteristics and Comorbidity
| Total | Patients
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic | Hispanic, English speaking | Hispanic, non-English speaking | P value | |||
| Total | 6097 | 4139 | 1203 | 755 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Age, y | <.001 | |||||
| 18–49 | 1989 (32.6) | 1089 (26.3) | 671 (55.8) | 229 (30.3) | ||
| 50–64 | 1633 (26.8) | 1093 (26.4) | 288 (23.9) | 252 (33.4) | ||
| 65–79 | 1623 (26.6) | 1237 (29.9) | 184 (15.3) | 202 (26.8) | ||
| ≥80 | 852 (14.0) | 720 (17.4) | 60 (5.0) | 72 (9.5) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Sex | .004 | |||||
| Male | 2916 (47.8) | 1972 (47.6) | 544 (45.2) | 400 (53.0) | ||
| Female | 3181 (52.2) | 2167 (52.4) | 659 (54.8) | 355 (47.0) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Diabetesa | 2324 (38.1) | 1479 (35.7) | 477 (39.7) | 368 (48.7) | <.001 | |
| HbA1c > 9% | 512 (8.4) | 251 (6.1) | 142 (11.8) | 119 (15.8) | <.001 | |
| Hypertension | 3688 (60.5) | 2702 (65.3) | 563 (46.8) | 423 (56.0) | <.001 | |
| Obesity | 3109 (51.0) | 2005 (48.4) | 755 (62.8) | 349 (46.2) | <.001 | |
| COPD | 563 (9.2) | 514 (12.4) | 29 (2.4) | 20 (2.7) | <.001 | |
| Other lung disease | 301 (4.9) | 263 (6.4) | 24 (2.0) | 14 (1.9) | <.001 | |
| Asthma | 564 (9.3) | 431 (10.4) | 108 (9.0) | 25 (3.3) | <.001 | |
| Heart failure | 541 (8.9) | 449 (10.9) | 60 (5.0) | 32 (4.2) | <.001 | |
| Cancer | 566 (9.3) | 469 (11.3) | 66 (5.5) | 31 (4.1) | <.001 | |
| Kidney disease without ESRD | 1921 (31.5) | 1492 (36.1) | 236 (19.6) | 193 (25.6) | <.001 | |
| ESRD | 242 (4.0) | 141 (3.4) | 63 (5.2) | 38 (5.0) | .005 | |
| Liver disease | 367 (6.0) | 241 (5.8) | 82 (6.8) | 44 (5.8) | .4 | |
| Smoker | 1681 (27.6) | 1280 (30.9) | 267 (22.2) | 134 (17.8) | <.001 | |
|
| ||||||
| EHR creation yearb | 2020 | 1032 (16.9) | 512 (12.4) | 228 (19.0) | 292 (38.7) | <.001 |
|
| ||||||
| Has PCP | Yes | 4749 (77.9) | 3485 (84.2) | 822 (68.3) | 442 (58.5) | <.001 |
|
| ||||||
| Insurance | <.001 | |||||
| Commercial | 1981 (32.5) | 1376 (33.2) | 472 (39.2) | 133 (17.6) | ||
| Government other | 3088 (50.6) | 2372 (57.3) | 446 (37.1) | 270 (35.8) | ||
| COVID-19 HRSA | 586 (9.6) | 213 (5.1) | 153 (12.7) | 220 (29.1) | ||
| Self pay | 63 (1.0) | 29 (0.7) | 17 (1.4) | 17 (2.3) | ||
A total of 6097 patients who tested positive for COVID-19 received inpatient care at Texas Health Resources (THR) between March 3 and November 5, 2020. All values are No. (%).
a
Diabetes includes comorbidity code of “diabetes” or hemoglobin A1c > 9%.
b
Year when patients first accessed the THR health system.
Abbreviations: EHR, electronic health record; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; PCP, primary care provider.