Fig 4. Forest plot effect sizes of eccentric training on biceps femoris fascicle length based on ultrasound assessment and extrapolation methods.

Overall eccentric training has a large effect size on increasing biceps femoris FL (g = 1.06 [0.44, 1.68], I² = 75%). Eccentric training has a small effect based on the manual linear extrapolation method (g = 0.29 [-0.26, 0.85], I² = 31%), a medium effect based on the panoramic ultrasound assessments (g = 0.72 [0.17, 1.28], I² = 0%) and a large effect based on the trigonometric equation method (g = 2.20 [0.99, 3.41], I² = 76%) (created via RevMan 5.4.1).