Table 2. Gender-based difference of metabolites between patients and healthy controls.

Metabolites		Group		p-value	Z-value
		Acne set	Control set
Man
	3-Methylindole	0.63±0.94	0.33±1.15	0.029	–2.18
	Alpha-linolenic acid	39.44±48.74	35.93±20.90	0.046	–2.00
	Glyceric acid	516.53±663.92	174.41±298.02	0.039	–2.07
	Hydroxypropionic acid	25.61±39.27	17.23±32.45	0.039	–2.07
	L-asparagine	19.07±32.05	17.35±57.91	0.037	–2.09
	L-tryptophan	11.58±16.71	6.74±13.70	0.042	–2.03
	Linoleic acid	124.66±120.85	62.47±52.79	0.022	–2.29
	N-acetyltryptophan	21.14±31.97	12.00±26.23	0.044	–2.01
	Oxoglutaric acid	48.06±57.30	17.49±29.14	0.013	–2.47
	Phenyllactic acid	0.42±0.42	0.18±0.16	0.019	–2.35
	Purine	1.62±2.38	1.07±1.45	0.021	–2.31
	Stearic acid	11.07±7.10	7.92±6.26	0.035	–2.11
	Succinic acid	28.89±31.97	13.84±18.99	0.046	–2.00
	Valeric acid	4,506.14±1,841.31	5,499.25±1,502.47	0.017	–2.38
Woman
	2-Phenylglycine	2.73±2.66	0.75±0.60	0.018	–2.36
	4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid	1.77±1.42	0.91±0.32	0.007	–2.70
	Glycine	5.51±3.43	2.77±2.01	0.008	–2.67
	L-alanine	2.76±1.72	1.39±1.00	0.008	–2.67
	L-histidine	6.78±3.82	3.80±3.36	0.015	–2.43
	L-leucine	33.83±24.89	20.01±14.88	0.048	–1.98
	L-methionine	74.60±53.23	38.71±28.07	0.022	–2.29
	L-serine	12.90±7.88	8.22±6.89	0.031	–2.15
	L-tryptophan	5.97±6.05	3.16±2.72	0.024	–2.26
	L-valine	27.12±24.65	13.29±10.00	0.034	–2.12
	Methylsuccinic acid	5.31±16.59	0.70±0.46	0.044	–2.02
	N-acetyltryptophan	9.97±10.87	5.26±4.93	0.024	–2.26
	Ornithine	3.21±10.37	0.34±1.13	0.031	–2.15

Values are presented as mean±standard error of mean.