Table 2.

Pathophysiology of dysphagia

Etiology	Number of patients
Incomplete lip closure	26
Delayed oral phase	49
Excessive oral cavity residue	26
Inadequate bolus formation	58
Delayed swallowing reflex	57
Decreased laryngeal elevation	59
Excessive vallecular residue	49
Excessive pyriform sinus residue	41
Exist of pharyngeal wall coating	57

Values are number of subjects