TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients undergoing TAVR with and without CPD (2017–2018)
| Unmatched |
Matched (1:3 Propensity match) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable n (%) | TAVR without CPD (103,935) | TAVR with CPD (4380) | p value | TAVR without CPD (13,140) | TAVR with CPD (4380) | SD |
| Age median (SD) | 81(75–86) | 81(74–87) | 0.25 | 82(75–87) | 81(74–87) | −0.138 |
| Female | 48,185(46.4) | 1970(45.0) | 0.07 | 6150(46.8) | 1970(45) | −0.058 |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 87,335(84.0) | 3810(87.0) | <0.01 | 11,515(87.6) | 3810(87.0) | 0.007 |
| African American | 4225(4.1) | 115(2.6) | 400(3.0) | 115(2.6) | ||
| Hispanic | 5255(5.1) | 155(3.5) | 560(4.3) | 155(3.5) | ||
| Other | 7120(6.9) | 300(6.8) | 665(5.1) | 300(6.8) | ||
| Comorbidities and previous medical history | ||||||
| Anemias | 23,740(22.8) | 1015(23.2) | 0.61 | 420(3.2) | 155(3.5) | −0.016 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 41,335(39.8) | 1775(40.5) | 0.32 | 5255(40.0) | 1775(40.5) | −0.012 |
| Congestive heart failure | 76,145(73.3) | 3255(74.3) | 0.12 | 9775(74.4) | 3255(74.3) | 0.029 |
| Coagulopathy | 11,495(11.1) | 340(7.8) | <0.01 | 945(7.2) | 340(7.8) | 0.118 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 29,655(28.5) | 1035(23.6) | <0.01 | 2900(22.1) | 1035(23.6) | 0.050 |
| Coronary artery disease | 71,260(68.6) | 2965(67.7) | 0.23 | 8875(67.5) | 2965(67.7) | 0.025 |
| Prior Cerebrovascular disease | 15,145(14.6) | 645(14.7) | 0.78 | 1840(14.0) | 645(14.7) | −0.058 |
| Prosthetic valve history | 1970(1.9) | 75(1.7) | 0.38 | 140(1.1) | 75(1.7) | 0.083 |
| Diabetes | 15,805(15.2) | 620(14.2) | 0.06 | 1745(13.3) | 620(14.2) | 0.018 |
| Hypertension | 93,780(90.2) | 3885(88.7) | <0.01 | 11,815(89.9) | 3885(88.7) | −0.026 |
| Liver disease | 3245(3.1) | 150(3.4) | 0.26 | 345(2.6) | 150(3.4) | 0.070 |
| Obesity | 20,630(19.8) | 750(17.1) | <0.01 | 2220(16.9) | 750(17.1) | 0.049 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 21,420(20.6) | 620(14.2) | <0.01 | 1875(14.3) | 620(14.2) | 0.052 |
| Pulmonary Hypertension | 17,835(17.2) | 750(17.1) | 0.95 | 2080(15.8) | 750(17.1) | 0.049 |
| Renal failure | 36,870(35.5) | 1455(33.2) | <0.01 | 4230(32.2) | 1455(33.2) | −0.012 |
| Weight loss | 3245(3.1) | 125(2.9) | 0.32 | 265(2.0) | 125(2.9) | 0.097 |
| Urban/rural | ||||||
| Rural | 940(0.9) | 25(0.6) | <0.01 | 50(0.4) | 25(0.6) | 0.019 |
| Urban, nonteaching | 9825(9.5) | 25(0.6) | 180(1.4) | 25(0.6) | ||
| Urban, teaching | 93,170(89.6) | 4330(98.9) | 12,910(98.2) | 4330(98.9) | ||
| Hospital size | ||||||
| Small | 7495(7.2) | 55(1.3) | <0.01 | 205(1.6) | 55(1.3) | 0.019 |
| Medium | 21,230(20.4) | 550(12.6) | 1600(12.2) | 550(12.6) | ||
| large | 75,210(72.4) | 3775(86.2) | 11,335(86.3) | 3775(86.2) | ||
| Primary payer | ||||||
| Medicare | 92,590(89.5) | 39,909(91.1) | <0.01 | 12,155(92.5) | 3990(91.1) | 0.068 |
| Medicaid | 1430(1.4) | 40(0.9) | 180(1.4) | 40(0.9) | ||
| Private insurance | 7430(7.2) | 270(6.2) | 685(5.2) | 270(6.2) | ||
| Self-pay | 375(0.4) | 25(0.6) | 20(0.2) | 25(0.6) | ||
| Other | 1680(1.6) | 55(1.3) | 100(0.8) | 55(1.3) | ||
Abbreviations: CPD, cerebral embolic protection device; TAVR; transcatheter aortic valve replacement.