Table 1.

PTSD-Like Symptoms (PCL) and Pain Indicators (MPQ) Across Level of Trauma

	Full Sample						Chronic Pain Subsample *
	Missing	All N = 5,703 Mean (SD)	Trauma Yes, n = 3,015 Mean (SD)	Trauma No, n = 2,688 Mean (SD)	P	D	All N = 2,553 Mean (SD)	Trauma Yes, n = 1,581 Mean (SD)	Trauma No, n = 972 Mean (SD)	P	d
PCL-Total	25	26.91 (13.34)	30.78 (15.36)	22.56 (8.80)	<.001	.66	31.81 (15.67)	35.60 (16.84)	25.66 (11.10)	<.001	.70
Re-experiencing	19	7.23 (3.94)	8.30 (4.63)	6.03 (2.49)	<.001	.61	8.48 (4.79)	9.57 (5.24)	6.70 (3.23)	<.001	.66
Avoidance	16	10.88 (5.77)	12.47 (6.64)	9.10 (3.90)	<.001	.62	12.87 (6.79)	14.41 (7.29)	10.36 (4.94)	<.001	.65
Arousal	18	8.82 (4.48)	10.05 (5.03)	7.44 (3.26)	<.001	.62	10.49 (5.08)	11.64 (5.37)	8.62 (3.91)	<.001	.64
MPQ-Total	229	5.77 (7.84)	7.57 (8.89)	3.80 (5.89)	<.001	.50	9.78 (9.34)	11.42 (9.86)	7.14 (7.77)	<.001	.48
Sensory	225	4.67 (6.11)	6.04 (6.85)	3.16 (4.74)	<.001	.49	7.83 (7.15)	9.06 (7.48)	5.86 (6.10)	<.001	.47
Affective	228	1.11 (2.09)	1.53 (2.44)	.65 (1.50)	<.001	.44	1.95 (2.66)	2.37 (2.87)	1.28 (2.13)	<.001	.43
VAS	115	2.80 (2.70)	3.41 (2.83)	2.12 (2.36)	<.001	.50	4.28 (2.75)	4.72 (2.72)	3.56 (2.64)	<.001	.43
PPI	98	1.29 (1.12)	1.54 (1.17)	1.01 (.99)	<.001	.48	1.88 (1.13)	2.06 (1.14)	1.59 (1.06)	<.001	.43

Abbreviations: PCL-Total, PTSD Checklist total score; MPQ-Total, Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire total score; VAS, MPQ Visual Analogue Scale; PPI, MPQ Present Pain Intensity; SD, standard deviation; P, probability value; d, Cohen’s d, (M1 - M2)/SD; small effect d, .20, medium effect d, .50, large effect d = .80. Mean levels compared using Welch 2 sample t-tests.

^*History of chronic pain defined by the endorsement of one or more chronic overlapping pain conditions evaluated.