Table 1.

Summary of the studies evaluating the impact of the HFD-induced obesity, or DM2, on the tissue and plasma HSP70 concentration and level of anti-HSP70 antibodies

Reference	Design	Protein of interest	Outcome
(Xie et al. 2016)	Sprague Dawley male rats HFD for 12 weeks to induce obesity and atherosclerosis	eHSP70	↑
(Zhang et al. 2018)	C57BL/6 mice HFD for 16 weeks	iHSP70 hepatic expression	↑
	HepG2 cells (hepatocytes)	mRNA iHSP70 expression	↑
(Leng et al. 2013)	Sprague Dawley rats HFD	Anti-HSP72 antibodies	↑
(Ghayour-Mobarhan et al. 2007)	White rabbits HFD for 13 weeks	Anti-HSP70 antibodies	↑
(Krause et al. 2014)	50 elderly (63.4 ± 4.4 years old) with BMI = 25.5 ± 2.7 kg/m2.	Association between eHSP72 and insulin resistance	↑
(Rodrigues-Krause et al. 2012a)	Non-diabetic obese, DM2 obese, DM2 non-obese (54 ± 9 years old)	eHSP70 due to DM2	↑
		iHSP70 expression in the vast lateral of obese subjects	↓
(Nakhjavani et al. 2010)	Patients with DM2 (49.17 ± 1.58 years old)	eHSP70	↑
(Alemi et al. 2019)	Patients with DM2 (54.5 years old)	eHSP70	↑
		Association between eHSP72 and insulin resistance	↑

BMI, body mass index; DM2, type 2 diabetes mellitus; eHSP70, extracellular 70-kDa-heat shock protein; iHSP70, intracellular 70-kDa heat shock protein; HFD, high fat diet. Possible outcomes: Up arrows indicate an increase in the protein of interest while down arrows indicate a reduction in that context