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. 2021 Nov 9;11:21939. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-01276-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Joint distribution of the total number $Δ S$ of confirmed cases within the first 30 days of intervention and of the absolute impact of intervention on the effective reproduction number ( $Δ R_{t}$ ) within this period. Each panel represents the Kernel Density Estimation for the total number of confirmed cases within the first 30 days of the intervention against the impact of interventions on effective reproduction number ( $Δ R_{t}$ ) in different administrative divisions of a country. The bivariate distribution is constructed over the set of regions within each country. The yellow box contains the Kendall $τ$ correlation value for this joint distribution. The inset in each panel represents the variation of $Δ R_{t}$ during the intervention against the average initial $R_{t}$ before the intervention. The yellow box gives the corresponding Kendalls $τ$ ’s. The countries are, from top left to bottom right: India, Switzerland, Germany, and Italy.