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. 2021 Oct 27;11:740704. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.740704

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Bacterial Induction of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1. (A) Model for AhR-dependent gene regulation. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) diffuse into the cell and bind to the intracellular Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Next, this complex translocates into the nucleus and binds to an XRE-response element, as present in the CYP1A1 promoter region. After transcription/translation, CYP1A1 acts in the endoplasmatic reticulum as a phase I enzyme that converts PAHs to more toxic intermediates that can form DNA adducts. (B) CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1 induction was investigated in the presence or absence of the AhR ligand 3MC. Note that S. gallolyticus UCN34 (SG) and 3MC have an additive effect on CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1 induction. (C) The expression of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1 upon incubation with S. gallolyticus UCN34 at increasing multiplicity of infection was compared to non-treated control cells. (D) The induction of CYP1A1 by 3MC or S. gallolyticus UCN34 in HT-29 cells, in the presence or absence of an AhR-inhibitor, was investigated by qPCR. Statistical analysis by two-way ANOVA was performed to determine significant changes (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01).