Fig 2.

Primary and secondary analysis results: mean differences in internally standardised grade scores in modified versus standard formula groups (negative mean difference=modified formula group performed poorer compared with trial average score). GCSE=General Certificate of Secondary Education; KS=key stage. Trials: NEP=nutrient enriched post-discharge formula for babies born preterm; NETSGA=nutrient enriched term formula for babies born at term and small for gestational age; LCPUFAP=preterm formula supplemented with long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (0.17% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + 0.31% arachidonic acid (AA)) for babies born preterm; LCPUFAT=term formula supplemented with long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (0.32% DHA + 0.30% AA) for babies born at term; IRONT=term follow-on formula with high iron content (12 mg/L iron) for babies born at term; PALMT=term formula with sn-2 palmitate for babies born at term; NUCLEOT=term formula with added nucleotides for babies born at term. *GCSE data for NUCLEOT are not displayed because most participants were not old enough to have sat their GCSE examinations at the time of linkage