TABLE 3.
Predictors of Protective PrEP Drug Levels in TRIUMPH
| % DBS ≥ 4 Pills per Week | OR (CI) | Overall P | P vs. Ref | |
| Site | ||||
| Sacramento | 56 | 1.24 (0.72 to 2.14) | 0.432 | |
| Oakland | 50 | Ref | 0.432 | |
| Age | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.04) | 0.090 | ||
| Gender identity | ||||
| Transgender female | 58 | Ref | 0.045 | |
| Transgender male | 48 | 0.69 (0.31 to 1.51) | 0.353 | |
| Nonbinary/additional gender | 34 | 0.38 (0.17 to 0.88) | 0.024 | |
| Declined | 28 | 0.28 (0.07 to 1.08) | 0.064 | |
| Sex assigned at birth | ||||
| Female | 43 | 0.56 (0.28 to 1.11) | 0.097 | |
| Male | 57 | Ref | 0.097 | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Multiracial | 50 | 0.65 (0.21 to 2.02) | 0.457 | |
| African American | 61 | Ref | 0.584 | |
| White, Latinx | 51 | 0.68 (0.24 to 1.93) | 0.47 | |
| Asian | 67 | 1.30 (0.13 to 13.01) | 0.823 | |
| White, non-Latinx | 65 | 1.19 (0.36 to 3.92) | 0.773 | |
| US-born | ||||
| Yes | 59 | Ref | 0.204 | |
| No | 51 | 0.70 (0.41 to 1.21) | 0.204 | |
| Education | ||||
| College degree or above | 59 | 2.03 (0.82 to 4.99) | 0.125 | |
| Some college, AA, or technical degree | 60 | 2.16 (1.06 to 4.37) | 0.033 | |
| Less than high school | 41 | Ref | 0.212 | |
| Finished high school or got GED | 59 | 2.05 (0.96 to 4.36) | 0.063 | |
| Technical or vocational school (no degree) | 54 | 1.65 (0.54 to 5.03) | 0.382 | |
| Housing | ||||
| Stable | 59 | Ref | 0.111 | |
| Unstable | 48 | 0.65 (0.38 to 1.10) | 0.111 | |
| Financial situation | ||||
| I have enough money to live comfortably | 65 | Ref | 0.248 | |
| I cannot get by on the money I have. | 55 | 0.66 (0.31 to 1.41) | 0.289 | |
| I can barely get by on the money I have. | 51 | 0.56 (0.28 to 1.11) | 0.095 | |
| Hormone use | ||||
| Ever | ||||
| Yes | 52 | Ref | 0.107 | |
| No | 66 | 1.78 (0.88 to 3.60) | 0.107 | |
| Current | ||||
| Yes | 53 | 0.88 (0.50 to 1.53) | 0.646 | |
| No | 56 | Ref | 0.646 | |
| Silicone use | ||||
| Yes | No | 56 | 1.30 (0.66–2.54) | 0.451 |
| No | Yes | 49 | Ref | |
| Current primary partner | ||||
| Yes | 46 | Ref | 0.027 | |
| No | 60 | 1.73 (0.99 to 2.99) | 0.052 | |
| Number of sex partners (past 3 mo) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.03) | 0.011 | ||
| Any condomless receptive sex act with HIV+ partner (past 3 mo) | ||||
| Yes | 40 | 0.61 (0.17 to 2.17) | 0.449 | |
| No | 52 | Ref | 0.449 | |
| Sex work, current | ||||
| Yes | 60 | Ref | 0.418 | |
| No | 54 | 0.76 (0.39 to 1.48) | 0.418 | |
| Substance use | 0.93 (0.86 to 1.01) | 0.055 | ||
| Hazardous alcohol use | ||||
| Yes | 52 | 0.89 (0.40 to 1.97) | 0.767 | |
| No | 55 | Ref | 0.767 | |
| Mental health | 0.98 (0.92 to 1.05) | 0.604 | ||
| Violence, past 3 mo | ||||
| Yes | 38 | Ref | 0.027 | |
| No | 58 | 2.24 (1.10 to 4.57) | 0.027 | |
| PrEP interest | 0.94 (0.82 to 1.08) | 0.418 | ||
| Previous PrEP awareness | ||||
| No | 51 | 0.86 (0.44 to 1.69) | 0.66 | |
| Yes | 55 | Ref | 0.66 | |
| Medical mistrust | 1.01 (0.81 to 1.26) | 0.924 | ||
| HIV risk perception | ||||
| Likely | 63 | 1.92 (0.97 to 3.80) | 0.063 | |
| Not likely | 46 | Ref | 0.063 |
GED, general educational development.