Table 1.
Characteristics of Women in the Sister Study Assessed for At Least One Measure of Childhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage in the Total Sample and Across 10-Year Birth Groups
| Characteristics | Total (N=47,055) | 1925–1934 (N=1582) | 1935–1944 (N=11087) | 1945–1954 (N=18256) | 1955–1964 (N=13150) | 1965–1974 (N=2980) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at time of interview, mean (± SE) | 55.8 (8.9) | 72.9 (1.5) | 66.1 (3.0) | 56.7 (3.1) | 47.6 (3.1) | 39.3 (2.2) |
| Race/ethnicity, N (%) | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 39724 (84.4) | 1464 (92.5) | 10010 (90.3) | 15483 (84.8) | 10596 (80.6) | 2171 (72.9) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 3925 (8.3) | 47 (3.0) | 536 (4.8) | 1522 (8.3) | 1404 (10.7) | 416 (14.0) |
| Hispanic | 2205 (4.7) | 33 (2.1) | 293 (2.6) | 794 (4.4) | 782 (6.0) | 303 (10.2) |
| Other | 1201 (2.6) | 38 (2.4) | 248 (2.2) | 457 (2.5) | 368 (2.8) | 90 (3.0) |
| Mother’s Age at Time of Birth, mean (± SE) | 28.5 (6.1) | 28.2 (6.3) | 28.0 (5.9) | 28.2 (5.9) | 29.0 (6.3) | 29.9 (6.4) |
| Household Composition at age 13, N (%) | ||||||
| Two-parent | 42156 (89.6) | 1431 (90.5) | 10094 (91.0) | 16601 (90.9) | 11530 (87.7) | 2500 (83.9) |
| Single parent | 4448 (9.4) | 138 (8.7) | 896 (8.1) | 1480 (8.1) | 1486 (11.3) | 448 (15.0) |
| Other | 451 (1.0) | 13 (0.8) | 97 (0.9) | 175 (1.0) | 134 (1.0) | 32 (1.1) |
| Highest Level of Household Education at age 13 a , N (%) | ||||||
| < High School | 8544 (18.4) | 529 (34.3) | 2839 (26.1) | 3139 (17.3) | 1694 (13.0) | 343 (11.6) |
| High School | 16788 (36.0) | 433 (28.1) | 3702 (34.0) | 6767 (37.4) | 4870 (37.3) | 1016 (34.3) |
| Some College | 8821(18.9) | 304 (19.7) | 1959 (18.0) | 3537 (19.5) | 2456 (18.8) | 565 (19.1) |
| ≥ Bachelor’s degree | 12413 (26.7) | 275 (17.9) | 2383 (21.9) | 4669 (25.8) | 4044 (31.0) | 1042 (35.1) |
| Family Income Majority of Childhood b , N (%) | ||||||
| Poor | 3644 (7.8) | 207 (13.2) | 1054 (9.5) | 1478 (8.1) | 741 (5.7) | 164 (5.5) |
| Low Income | 12231 (26.0) | 535 (34.0) | 3385 (30.6) | 4722 (25.9) | 2971 (22.6) | 618 (20.8) |
| Middle Income | 28124 (59.9) | 734 (46.6) | 5944 (53.8) | 10948 (60.1) | 8534 (65.0) | 1964 (66.0) |
| Well-off | 2953 (6.3) | 98 (6.2) | 672 (6.1) | 1073 (5.9) | 880 (6.7) | 230 (7.7) |
| Inadequate Food to Eat During Childhood c , N (%) | ||||||
| Yes | 4275 (9.1) | 138 (8.7) | 893 (8.1) | 1733 (9.5) | 1222 (9.3) | 289 (9.7) |
| No | 42759 (90.9) | 1442 (91.3) | 10193 (91.9) | 16516 (90.5) | 11917 (90.7) | 2691 (90.3) |
| Educational Attainment in Adulthood, N (%) | ||||||
| < High School | 529 (1.1) | 25 (1.6) | 159 (1.4) | 169 (0.9) | 134 (1.0) | 42 (1.4) |
| High School | 6692 (14.2) | 323 (20.4) | 1986 (17.9) | 2397 (13.1) | 1734 (13.2) | 252 (8.5) |
| Some College | 9122 (19.4) | 336 (21.2) | 2253 (20.3) | 3515 (19.3) | 2561 (19.5) | 457 (15.3) |
| ≥ Bachelor’s degree | 30712 (65.3) | 898 (56.8) | 6689 (60.3) | 12175 (66.7) | 8721 (66.3) | 2229 (74.8) |
| Incident Depression After Age 30, N (%) | ||||||
| Yes | 8036 (17.1) | 184 (11.6) | 1642 (14.8) | 3656 (20.0) | 2254 (17.1) | 300 (10.1) |
| No | 39019 (82.9) | 1398 (88.4) | 9445 (85.2) | 14600 (80.0) | 10896 (82.9) | 2680 (89.9) |
| Follow-up (years), mean (± SE) | 24.0 (9.9) | 41.2 (6.3) | 34.0 (6.9) | 24.5 (6.1) | 16.2 (4.6) | 8.9 (2.5) |
a
N=46566
b
N=46952
c
N=47034