Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Variable (total n) | n (%) or M ± SD (95% CI) |
|---|---|
| Country of residence (n = 588) | |
| UK | |
| England | 422 (72%) |
| Wales | 32 (5%) |
| Scotland | 11 (2%) |
| Northern Ireland | 3 (1%) |
| Not reported | 17 (3%) |
| Non-UK (n = 103) | 62 (11%) |
| Europe (non-UK country) | 33 (6%) |
| North America | 2 (0.3%) |
| Australasia | 3 (0.5%) |
| Asia | 1 (0.2%) |
| Africa | 1 (0.2%) |
| South America | 1 (0.2%) |
| Not reported | 1 (0.2%) |
| Weight status (n = 500) | |
| Underweight | 20 (4%) |
| Healthy weight | 283 (57%) |
| Overweight | 157 (31%) |
| Obese | 40 (8%) |
| Disability status (n = 501)a | |
| With a disability | 57 (11%) |
| Not with a disability | 444 (89%) |
| Health (n = 572, note some participants selected multiple answer) | |
| No health issues | 353 (62%) |
| Pregnant | 6 (1%) |
| Lactating | 11 (2%) |
| Dieting to lose weight or avoid weight gain | 101 (18%) |
| Weight loss surgery | 0 (0%) |
| Regular smoker | 48 (8%) |
| Diabetic | 7 (1%) |
| Heart disease | 3 (1%) |
| Underactive or overactive thyroid | 18 (3%) |
| Other health condition | 66 (12%) |
| Index of Multiple Deprivation decile (n = 374)b | 6.2 ± 2.87 (5.9, 6.5) |
| Subjective social status (n = 496) | 6.0 ± 1.7 (5.9, 6.2) |
| Household income (n = 499) | |
| < £10 000 | 41 (8%) |
| £10 000 - £20 000 | 76 (15%) |
| £20 000 - £30 000 | 51 (10%) |
| £30 000 - £40 000 | 62 (12%) |
| £40 000 - £50 000 | 54 (11%) |
| £50 000 - £60 000 | 43 (9%) |
| Above £60 000 | 97 (19%) |
| Prefer not to say | 75 (15%) |
| Education (n = 572) | |
| None | 12 (2%) |
| GCSEs > 1 and < 4 | 14 (2%) |
| GCSEs ≥ 5 | 22 (4%) |
| A-levels (≥2) | 110 (19%) |
| Undergraduate degree or equivalent | 256 (45%) |
| Postgraduate degree | 129 (23%) |
| Apprenticeship | 7 (1%) |
| Other | 17 (3%) |
| Prefer not to say | 5 (1%) |
| COVID-19 status (n = 499) | |
| Contracted, confirmed by test | 0 (0%) |
| Contracted, self-diagnosis | 10 (2%) |
| Possibly contracted | 89 (18%) |
| Not contracted, confirmed by test | 15 (3%) |
| Don't think so | 385 (77%) |
| Home schooling (n = 500) | |
| Not home schooling | 407 (81%) |
| 1 child | 34 (7%) |
| 2 children | 44 (9%) |
| 3 children | 13 (3%) |
| 4 + children | 2 (0.4%) |
| COVID-19 employment impact (n = 490) | |
| Key worker | 50 (10%) |
| Working from home | 229 (47%) |
| Unable to work and furloughed or paid | 54 (11%) |
| Unable to work and not furloughed | 24 (4.9) |
| Returned to work after May 13, 2020 | 2 (0.4%) |
| Work availability decreased | 5 (1.0%) |
| Alternative work/new job | 2 (0.4%) |
| Not applicable | 108 (22%) |
| Off sick | 1 (0.2%) |
| Prefer not to say | 11 (2.2%) |
| Other | 3 (1%) |
| Not reported | 1 (0.2%) |
| Living situation (n = 499) | |
| Living alone | 58 (12%) |
| Living with others | 441 (88%) |
| Eating behaviour traits | |
| Food responsiveness (AEBQ) (n = 514) | 3.3 ± 0.8 (3.2, 3.3) |
| Enjoyment of food (AEBQ) (n = 512) | 4.2 ± 0.7 (4.1, 4.2) |
| Emotional overeating (AEBQ) (n = 514) | 2.8 ± 1.0 (2.7, 2.9) |
| Emotional undereating (AEBQ) (n = 512) | 2.9 ± 0.9 (2.8, 3.0) |
| Satiety responsiveness (AEBQ) (n = 512) | 2.5 ± 0.8 (2.4, 2.5) |
| Cognitive restraint (TFEQ) (n = 508) | 13.6 ± 3.6 (13.3, 14.0) |
| Craving control (COEQ) (n = 508) | 52.9 ± 22.9 (50.9, 54.9) |
AEBQ = Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (Hunot et al., 2016); COEQ = Control of Eating Questionnaire (Dalton et al., 2015); TFEQ = Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, revised version (Karlsson et al., 2000).
Note.
a
Disability status was determined by the Washington Group Short Set of Disability Questions (Madans et al., 2011).
b
n = 374 due to missing data whereby participants did not provide a valid postcode or were from a non-UK country.