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. 2021 Mar 30;50(5):1580–1592. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyab051

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© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — A forest plot depicting the observational (orange) and genetic (green) effect estimates between childhood body size (per change in body size category) and circulating metabolites (per standard deviation unit change). Observational estimates were derived using data from the childhood time point from the Young Finns Study, whereas genetic estimates are based on two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using summary data. The observational estimates in this figure have been scaled using a scale factor to have the same magnitude of dispersion around the central estimates as the MR results for comparative purposes.