Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants.
|
|
All |
Non-exercise group |
Other sports group |
Sumo group |
|||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | n | mean | ± | SD | n | mean | ± | SD | n | mean | ± | SD | n | mean | ± | SD | p value |
| Age (years) | 70 | 12 | ± | 2 | 28 | 11 | ± | 1* | 28 | 11 | ± | 1* | 14 | 14 | ± | 2 | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 70 | 152.8 | ± | 13.4 | 28 | 149.5 | ± | 11.9* | 28 | 148.3 | ± | 11.3* | 14 | 168.4 | ± | 7.6 | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 70 | 71.0 | ± | 23.8 | 28 | 68.3 | ± | 23.1* | 28 | 61.5 | ± | 17.2* | 14 | 95.3 | ± | 20.6 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 70 | 29.5 | ± | 5.6 | 28 | 29.6 | ± | 6.1 | 28 | 27.5 | ± | 4.0* | 14 | 33.2 | ± | 5.8 | 0.008 |
| BMI z-score | 70 | 2.1 | ± | 0.4 | 28 | 2.1 | ± | 0.4 | 28 | 2.0 | ± | 0.3* | 14 | 2.3 | ± | 0.6 | 0.015 |
| Obesity rate (%) | 70 | 57.9 | ± | 23.6 | 28 | 61.1 | ± | 26.3 | 28 | 49.7 | ± | 18.1* | 14 | 68.2 | ± | 23.5 | 0.006 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 40 | 96.1 | ± | 14.8 | 17 | 100.1 | ± | 17.9 | 19 | 88.2 | ± | 8.6*,# | 14 | 102.0 | ± | 13.5 | 0.007 |
| Waist/height ratio | 40 | 0.62 | ± | 0.07 | 17 | 0.66 | ± | 0.09 | 19 | 0.60 | ± | 0.04# | 14 | 0.6 | ± | 0.07 | 0.038 |
Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test
*
p < 0.05, vs. sumo group,
#
p < 0.05, vs. non-exercise group
Waist circumference and waist to height ratio were calculated only for those who underwent waist circumference measurement at the first visit to the pediatric obesity outpatient clinic.