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. 2021 Oct 28;8:747304. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.747304

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Copyright © 2021 Ma, Liu, Lan, Chen, Gu, Li, Yue, Liu and Guo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic representation of the experimental procedure and anastomosis methods for bile duct injured rats. (A) The flowchart of rat experiment. (B) Traditional biliary anastomosis in the control group. Common bile duct after an end-to-end suture was highlighted by a green dashed line. (C) “Fish-mouth to fish mouth” anastomosis was done in the fish mouth shaped (FMS) group. The highlighted common bile duct was reconstructed by a wider anastomosis. (D) The common bile duct was isolated in the sham group.