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. 2021 Jun 9;30(6):765–780. doi: 10.1007/s11248-021-00264-9
Impacts on: Very negative Negative Neutral Positive Very positive Don't know
Food safety concerns
Management of scarce natural resources
Pest management
Transparency in research systems
Innovation in any aspect of the plant breeding process
Collaboration between governments, businesses, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and individuals
Direct cash costs associated with accessing data
Indirect costs of data accessing data from others (i.e. time and resources it takes to locate, request and negotiate data access)
Regulatory compliance
Claims about product quality
Farmer profitability
Breeder’s revenue