Table 4.
Physicochemical parameters [temperature T, pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), and dissolved oxygen (O2)] of water samples from wells and springs during the dry (dry) and rainy (rainy) season
| Sampling sites | T (°C) | pH | EC (μs cm−1) | O2 (mg L−1) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry | Rainy | Dry | Rainy | Dry | Rainy | Dry | Rainy | |
| FS1 | 24.6 | 26.4 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 135 | 94 | 2.3 | 1.9 |
| FS2 | 24.1 | 25.8 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 325 | 112 | 3.5 | 2.3 |
| FK1 | 26.5 | 28.1 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 264 | 197 | 4.1 | 5.1 |
| FK2 | 26.8 | 28.5 | 6.1 | 4.6 | 158 | 178 | 5.0 | 6.8 |
| FK3 | 26.2 | 28.0 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 138 | 182 | 4.7 | 6.2 |
| PS1 | 26.5 | 27.3 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 342 | 85 | 2.7 | 2.9 |
| PS2 | 25.8 | 27.9 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 258 | 132 | 3.2 | 3.5 |
| PS3 | 24.9 | 26.7 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 105 | 74 | 1.5 | 2.3 |
| PS4 | 26.1 | 26.3 | 6.9 | 5.7 | 470 | 123 | 3.0 | 2.7 |
| PS5 | 25.3 | 27.5 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 85 | 24 | 1.1 | 2.2 |
| PS6 | 24.8 | 27.7 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 189 | 135 | 3.4 | 2.9 |
| PS7 | 26.3 | 26.6 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 435 | 289 | 2.9 | 3.1 |
| PK1 | 23.9 | 27.3 | 6.1 | 7.4 | 563 | 82 | 3.1 | 2.4 |
| PK2 | 26.6 | 27.6 | 5.9 | 7.8 | 206 | 85 | 2.2 | 3.0 |
| PK3 | 26.5 | 27.4 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 704 | 98 | 2.5 | 3.3 |
| PK4 | 25.2 | 28.0 | 6.6 | 5.3 | 48 | 88 | 1.8 | 2.9 |
| PK5 | 24.6 | 28.1 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 304 | 66 | 3.6 | 3.2 |
| SK1 | 26.4 | 27.8 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 115 | 74 | 1.9 | 1.4 |
| SK2 | 26.9 | 27.2 | 5.2 | 6.7 | 363 | 82 | 3.7 | 3.1 |
| SK3 | 26.5 | 27.1 | 5.5 | 7.2 | 458 | 72 | 4.9 | 3.0 |
| SK4 | 24.3 | 28.8 | 5.3 | 7.0 | 62 | 78 | 2.5 | 3.2 |
| WHO regulationa | 12–25 | 6.5–9.5 | 200–800 | 4–6 | ||||
FS1–FS2 (managed/developed wells) and PS1–PS7 (unmanaged wells) from the district of Ngafani (Selembao commune)
FK1–FK3 (managed/developed wells), PK1–PK5 (unmanaged wells) and SK1–SK4 (springs) from the district of Esanga (Kimbanseke commune)
aLimit recommended by World Health Organization Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (WHO 2017)