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. 2021 Nov 10;12:6486. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26536-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Relationship of adipose tissue insulin sensitivity, adjusted for age, sex, and total body fat mass, with follistatin levels, in a multivariate linear regression model in the Tübingen Diabetes Family Study (TDFS) cohort (n = 210). Depicted is the regression line and the 95% CIs. b Relationship of follistatin levels, adjusted for age, sex, and total body fat mass, with NAFLD, in a multivariate logistic regression model (TDFS, n = 210). c Human adipose-derived stem cells (Lonza) were differentiated into adipocytes (see details in Methods). Cells were maintained in insulin-free media overnight and treated with 0, 0.3, 3, and 30 µg/mL follistatin for 2 h followed by addition of 100 ng/mL insulin for 3 h. Breakdown of triglyceride released glycerol and free fatty acids (FFAs), and lipolysis was determined by measuring media glycerol content. Three independent experiments (n = 3) were performed. Statistical significance was determined by Tukey–Kramer HSD using JMP 14.1.0. ***p < 0.001 as indicated.